21st POA

• Anonymous

  Not identified by name; of unknown name
• Disseminate

  Spread (something, especially information) widely
• Scarcer

  Deficient in quantity or number compared with the demand : not plentiful or abundant
• Whistleblower

  Someone who reports waste, fraud, abuse, corruption, or dangers to public health and safety
• Relevant Acts

  • Data Privacy Act of 2012 – Republic Act 10173
  • Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines – Republic Act 8293
  • Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 – Republic Act no. 8792
  • Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 – Republic Act no. 10175
• Indigenous Media

  Technology used for the exchange of information among people, communication that may take place within family members, communities, and in the marketplace. Indigenous media and information are highly credible because they are near the source and are seldom circulated for profit
• Things to consider in evaluating information

  • Accuracy
  • Author
  • Currency
  • Fairness
  • Relevance
• Alternative media

  Non-commercial projects that advocate the interests of those excluded from the mainstream. The downside is that a lot of the information being passed around is biased and inaccurate
• Language

  The technical and symbolic codes and conventions that media and information professionals use
• Creator

  An individual, group of individuals, or an organization who serve as message makers
• Content

  The media and information text produced by the creator
• Consumer

  The audience or the users of the media and information texts
• Messages

  The information sent from a source to a receiver
• Audience

  Group of consumers who are exposed to the message
• Codes

  Systems of signs that when put together create meaning
• Convention

  Standard norm that acts as a rule governing behavior
• Technical Codes

  • Editing
  • Sounds
  • Camera angles
  • Types of shots
  • Lighting
• Low angle

  Camera looks up – subject looks large – creates an impression of power
• Normal or straight angle

  Camera looks at the subject from eye-level – subject looks equal to viewer, who feels equal to, and may even identify with, subject
• High angle

  Camera looks down – subject appears small – creates an impression of weakness
• Frame

  A single still picture or image
• Shot

  The images that are filmed from the time the camera starts to the time it stops, with no cuts
• Sequence


  A series of shots on the same subject
• Cut


  Stop one shot / abruptly start second; creates the impression of different places, same time
• Fade out/in


  Go to black / go from black to picture; suggests passage of time, change of place
• Pan


  Camera moves from left-to-right or right-to-left across scene from one subject to another – can be used to create suspense
• Zoom


  Camera moves in (tight) or out (wide)
• Tilt


  Camera moves vertically, up or down
• Symbolic Code


  Words, costumes, actions, or iconic symbols
• Producer


  Finds the literary property, masterminds the marketing, hires the director and casts, oversees production
• Director


  Instructs the performers on how they should act based on the script
• Scriptwriter


  A writer who practices the craft of screenwriting
• Conversant


  Familiar with or knowledgeable about something
• Red-handed


  Having been discovered in or just after the act of doing something wrong or illegal
• Quixotic


  Exceedingly idealistic; unrealistic and impractical
• Soporific

  Tending to induce drowsiness or sleep
• Literal language


  Words function exactly as defined
• Literal language


  • The car is blue.
  • He caught the football.
• Figurative language


  Figure out what it means
• Figurative language


  • I've got your back.
  • You're a doll.