Exam

• Rate equation is an equation showing the relationship between the rate constant and the concentration of the species that affect the rate of reaction
• Order of reaction is the power to which the concentration of the reactants is raised in the rate equation
• As temperature increases, the rate constant increases
• benzene forms nitrobenzene under reflux at 55C with conc. HNO3 and conc. H2SO4. Substitution reaction
• Benzene to chlorobenzene with Cl2 and AlCl3 catalyst under reflux. Substitution reaction.
• Benzene and ethanoyl chloride with AlCl3 in acylation substitution, reflux at 55C and dry inert solvent (ether)
• benzene to methyl benzene: AlCl3 catalyst at room temp., ether, alkylation substitution
• methyl benzene oxidised to carboxyl benzene under KMnO4