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biology paper 1
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Cards (115)
3 things plant cells have that animal cells dont
permanent vacuole
cell wall
chloroplasts
what is the function of ribosomes?
site of
protein synthesis
function of nucleus
where
genetic
information is
stored
function of cytoplasm
water-like
substance where chemical reactions take place e.g the
first
stage of respiration
function of mitochondria
site of
aerobic
respiration. it provides energy for the cell
function of cell membrane
controls what goes in and out the cell
function of cell wall
provides cell with
strength
and
structure
animal and plant cells are
eukaryotic
bacterial cells are
prokaryotic
where is DNA found in prokaryotic cells?
in the
cytoplasm
what is the form of DNA in prokaryotic cells?
single strand of
DNA
and plasmids (small rings of
DNA
found in cytoplasm)
function of chloroplasts?
where photosynthesis takes place
what do chloroplasts contain?
chlorophyll
which
harvests
light needed for
photosynthesis
function of permanent vacuole?
improves
rigidity
of cell
what does permanent vacuole contain?
cell sap
name 3 specialised animal cells
sperm
cells
nerve
cells
muscle
cells
name 3 specialised plant cells
root hair cells
xylem cells
phloem cells
what features of a sperm cell helps it swim?
tail and streamlined head
why does a sperm cell contain many mitochondria?
to supply
energy
to help it
move
what is the acrosome in a sperm cell?
top of head
why does the acrosome of a sperm cell contain digestive enzymes?
so the sperm cell can break down the
outer layers
of
membrane
of the
egg
cell
function of axon in nerve cell?
carries
impulses
why is the axon long in a nerve cell?
so the
impulse can
be carried along
long distances
function of dendrites?
extensions
from cell
body
so
branched connections
can
form
with other
nerve cells
why do the nerve endings in nerve cells contain many mitochondria
the
mitochondria
supplies
energy
to make special transmitter chemicals called
neurotransmitters.
what are neurotransmitters?
special
transmitter chemicals that allow the
impulse
to be passed from one
nerve
cell to another
main parts of sperm cell
axon
tail
mitochondria
streamlined
head
main parts of nerve cell
axon
dendrites
cell body
synapses
nucleus
what are nerve cells specialised for?
transmit electrical signals
from one place in the body to another
what are sperm cells specialised for?
carry males DNA to the egg cell (ovum)
what are muscle cells specialised for?
contraction
why do muscle cells have special proteins?
they
slide
over each other, causing the muscle to
contract
what are the names of the proteins in muscle cells?
myosin
and
actin
why do muscle cells have lots of mitochondria?
to provide
energy
from
respiration
for
contraction
what is the chemical used in respiration by mitochondria in muscle cells?
glycolen
why are root hairs cells specialised?
to take up
water
by
osmosis
and
mineral
ions by
active transport
from the
soil
why do root hair cells have tiny hairs?
to
increase
the
surface area
so more
water
can move in
what does the large permanent vacuole in the cell affect?
the
speed
of movement of
water
from the
soil
to the
cell
why do root hair cells have mitochondria?
to provide
energy
for the
active transport
of
mineral ions
into the
root hair cell
main parts of root hair cell:
many
mitochondria
root
hairs
large permanent
vacuole
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