B1

Cards (115)

  • 3 things plant cells have that animal cells dont
    • permanent vacuole
    • cell wall
    • chloroplasts
  • what is the function of ribosomes?
    site of protein synthesis
  • function of nucleus
    where genetic information is stored
  • function of cytoplasm
    water-like substance where chemical reactions take place e.g the first stage of respiration
  • function of mitochondria
    site of aerobic respiration. it provides energy for the cell
  • function of cell membrane
    controls what goes in and out the cell
  • function of cell wall
    provides cell with strength and structure
  • animal and plant cells are
    eukaryotic
  • bacterial cells are
    prokaryotic
  • where is DNA found in prokaryotic cells?
    in the cytoplasm
  • what is the form of DNA in prokaryotic cells?
    single strand of DNA and plasmids (small rings of DNA found in cytoplasm)
  • function of chloroplasts?
    where photosynthesis takes place
  • what do chloroplasts contain?
    chlorophyll which harvests light needed for photosynthesis
  • function of permanent vacuole?
    improves rigidity of cell
  • what does permanent vacuole contain?
    cell sap
  • name 3 specialised animal cells
    • sperm cells
    • nerve cells
    • muscle cells
  • name 3 specialised plant cells
    • root hair cells
    • xylem cells
    • phloem cells
  • what features of a sperm cell helps it swim?
    tail and streamlined head
  • why does a sperm cell contain many mitochondria?
    to supply energy to help it move
  • what is the acrosome in a sperm cell?
    top of head
  • why does the acrosome of a sperm cell contain digestive enzymes?
    so the sperm cell can break down the outer layers of membrane of the egg cell
  • function of axon in nerve cell?
    carries impulses
  • why is the axon long in a nerve cell?
    so the impulse can be carried along long distances
  • function of dendrites?
    extensions from cell body so branched connections can form with other nerve cells
  • why do the nerve endings in nerve cells contain many mitochondria
    the mitochondria supplies energy to make special transmitter chemicals called neurotransmitters.
  • what are neurotransmitters?
    special transmitter chemicals that allow the impulse to be passed from one nerve cell to another
  • main parts of sperm cell
    • axon
    • tail
    • mitochondria
    • streamlined head
  • main parts of nerve cell
    • axon
    • dendrites
    • cell body
    • synapses
    • nucleus
  • what are nerve cells specialised for?
    transmit electrical signals from one place in the body to another
  • what are sperm cells specialised for?
    carry males DNA to the egg cell (ovum)
  • what are muscle cells specialised for?
    contraction
  • why do muscle cells have special proteins?
    they slide over each other, causing the muscle to contract
  • what are the names of the proteins in muscle cells?
    myosin and actin
  • why do muscle cells have lots of mitochondria?
    to provide energy from respiration for contraction
  • what is the chemical used in respiration by mitochondria in muscle cells?
    glycolen
  • why are root hairs cells specialised?
    to take up water by osmosis and mineral ions by active transport from the soil
  • why do root hair cells have tiny hairs?
    to increase the surface area so more water can move in
  • what does the large permanent vacuole in the cell affect?
    the speed of movement of water from the soil to the cell
  • why do root hair cells have mitochondria?
    to provide energy for the active transport of mineral ions into the root hair cell
  • main parts of root hair cell:
    • many mitochondria
    • root hairs
    • large permanent vacuole