In labs to measure hormone levels and other chemicals in blood, or to detect pathogens
In research to locate or identify specific molecules in a cell or tissue by binding them to fluorescent dye
To treat some diseases:
for cancer, the monoclonal antibody can be booing to a radioactive substance, a toxic grig or a chemical which stops cells growing and dividing. IT delivers the substance to the cancer cells without haring any other cells in the body
Monoclonal antibodies create more side effects than expected. They are not yet as widely used as everyone hoped when they were developed.