Module 18

• Type 1 - Dry from Nov. - April, Wet during rest of the year
• Type 2 - No Dry season
• Type 2 - very pronounced rainfall from Nov. - April, Wet during rest of the year
• Type 3 - seasons are not very pronounced
• Type 3 - relatively Dry from Nov. - April, Wet during rest of the year
• Type 4 - rainfall is more/less evenly distributed through the year
• Tropical Rainforest - characterized by hot, very humid, and wet conditions
• Tropical Monsoon - characterized by more rainfall/a less pronounced dry season
• Humid subtropical Climate & Tropical Savanna - characterized by dry season and less rainfall
• Philippine Seasons (amount of rainfall)

  • Dry Season
  • Wet Season
• Tag-init/Tag-araw - March to May
• Tag-ulan - June to Nov.
• Taglamig - Dec. to Feb.
• Global Warming - long-term warming of the planet's overall temperature
• Global Warming - fast increase in the average global temperature in the past 50 years
• Greenhouse effect - traps heat in Earth's atmosphere, warming the surface by preventing heat from escaping into space
• Human activities that contributes to global warming

  • Electricity and Heat Production
  • Agriculture and Land Use Changes
  • Industry
  • Transportation
  • Buildings
• Effects of Global Warming

  • Causing extreme weather events
  • Intensifying Precipitation Extremes
  • Raising Sea Levels
  • Alternating Ecosystems and Natural Habitat
• Evidences of Climate Change

  Geosphere

  • shoveline reduction
  • move frequent erosions
  • low soil productivity
• Evidences of Climate Change

  Atmosphere

  • rising global temperatures
  • altered weather patterns
• Evidences of Climate Change

  Biosphere

  • climate-sensitive diseases
  • shift in habitats
  • loss of biodiversity
• Evidences of Climate Change

  Hydrosphere

  • melting ice caps and glaciers
  • rising sea levels
  • ocean acidification
• Cryosphere - part of the Earth's surface characterized by the presence of frozen water
• Biogeochemical cycle - movement of nutrients and other elements between living and nonliving factors
• Climate change is irreversible.
• Intensified greenhouse effect -> Global Warming -> Climate change
• Climate - the temperature and precipitation characteristic of a certain region for a long period of time
• Climate - what you expect
• Weather - change in the atmospheric condition over a brief period of time
• Weather - what you get
• Climate are influenced by

  • Temperature (heat from solar energy)
  • Precipitation (water cycle)
• Factors that Affect Temperature

  • Nearness to center of large landmass
  • Nearness to large bodies of water
  • Nearness to mountain ranges
• Latitude increases, temperature decreases
• Landmasses - heat up faster than water due to their lower heat capacity
• Closer to center, temperature increases
• Landmasses cool down more quickly than water, resulting in cooler nighttime temperatures
• Water - higher specific heat capacity
• Water - moderates temperature changes
• Windward - faces prevailing wind
• Windward - higher precipitation