Chemical Tests

• Flame test result

  Lithium -> Red
• Flame test result

  Sodium -> Yellow
• Flame test result

  Potassium -> Lilac
• Flame test result

  Calcium -> Orange
• Flame test result

  Copper -> Blue/green
• Tests for gases

  Hydrogen - Burns with a squeaky pop
• Tests for gases

  Oxygen - Relights a glowing splint
• Tests for gases

  Carbon dioxide - Limewater turns cloudy
• Tests for gases

  Ammonia - Turns damp red litmus paper blue
• Tests for gases

  Chlorine - Bleaches damp blue litmus paper White
• Tests for cations

  Ammonium - Add sodium hydroxide solution and test for ammonia
• Tests for cations

  Copper (II) - Add sodium hydroxide - Blue ppt
• Tests for cations

  Iron (II) - Add sodium hydroxide - Green ppt
• Tests for cations

  Iron(III) - Add sodium hydroxide - Brown ppt
• Tests for Anions

  Add Nitric acid and Silver nitrate solution

  Chloride -> White ppt

  Bromide -> Cream ppt

  Iodine -> Yellow ppt
• Test for sulphate ions

  Add Barium chloride and Hydrochloric acid

  White ppt
• Test for carbonate ions

  Add hydrochloric acid

  Limewater turns cloudy
• Chemical test for water

  Anhydrous copper (II) sulphate turns blue
• Physical test for pure water

  Boils at 100 degrees