Biology HESI

• ​What is the typical result of mitosis in humans?

  Two diploid cells
• ​How does water affect the temperature of a living thing?

  Water keeps temperature stable
• Which of the following is not a product of the Krebs cycle?

  Oxygen
• What kind of bond connects sugar and phosphate in DNA?

  Covalent Bond
• What is the second part of an organism's scientific name?


  Species
• How are lipids different than other organic molecules?


  They are not water soluble
• Which of the following is not found within a bacterial cell?

  mitochondria
• Which cell organelle functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell?

  Golgi apparatus
• Which of the following are the distinct organelles that produce cell energy?

  mitochondrion and chloroplast
• Which component of the cell contributes to the protection, communication, and passage of substances into and out of the cell?

  cell membrane
• Which of the following is a protein?

  hemoglobin
• Which of the following structures is not involved in translation?

  DNA
• Which of the following is necessary for cell diffusion?

  water
• How many different types of nucleotides are there in DNA?

  four
• Which of the following cell types has no nucleus?

  red blood cells
• Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland?

  melatonin
• What is the name of the organelle that organizes protein synthesis?


  ribosome
• During which phase is the chromosome number reduced from diploid to haploid?

  Meiosis I
• A molecule of water is bonded with another molecule of water by what type of bond?

  Hydrogen
• Which of the following is a benefit of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water? (Select all that apply.)


  Water has a relatively high specific heat value.

  Water has strong cohesive and adhesive properties.

  Polarity of water allows it to act as a versatile solvent.
• Of all the molecules that are significant to biology, which of the following are considered the most important?


  carbohydrates, lipids, protein, nucleic acidsSee an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
• The cell membrane consists of a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins. This bilayer creates a hydrophobic region between two layers of lipids, making it which of the following?

  selectively permeable
• What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to cellular energy production?

  fermentation and cellular respiration
• What is the first step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate?


  glycolysis
• Lipids are better known as fats, but what are they specifically? (Select all that apply.)


  fatty acids, phospholipids, and steroids
• Why is DNA important for metabolic activities of the cell?

  It controls the synthesis of enzymes
• During protein synthesis, what process uses an RNA strand to produce a complementary strand of DNA?

  transcription
• ​What is the function of water in photosynthesis?


  Supply electrons in the light reactions
• ​Cells reproduce by different processes, all of which fall into what two categories?


  Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction
• Which of the following describes how a bacterium reproduces?

  binary fission
• How do phospholipids function in cells?

  They are integral components of the plasma membrane
• Which of the biologic molecules are considered the most significant contributor to cellular function?

  proteins
• Proteins are polymers of which of the following?

  amino acids
• Which of the following proteins catalyze different reactions or processes?

  enzyme
• Which of the biologic molecules are components of the molecules of inheritance?

  nucleic acids
• What is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism?

  metabolism
• In a cell, reactions take place in a series of steps called:

  metabolic pathways
• What is the fundamental unit of biology?

  cell
• Which type of cell contains no defined nucleus?

  prokaryotic cell
• What is the primary purpose of the flagella on the surface of cells?

  movement of cell