Part 1

• Deviance


  Behaviour that goes against Social Norms
• Crime


  Something that goes against social norms, breaks the law and is harmful to society
• Actus Reus


  The guilty action/committing the act of a crime
• Mens Rea


  The guilty mind or the intention behind the action of committing the crime
• Informal sanction for deviant behaviour


  Showing disappointment in an informal way such as not speaking to someone, telling someone off, a quiet word etc
• Police sanctions for crime

  • Caution
  • Conditional Caution
  • Penalty notices
• Social construct


  Something created/defined by society and the culture of the time
• Something the UK views as a crime but another culture does not

  • Polygyny, drugs, honour crime
• Why do laws vary between cultures


  Different social norms and values, ideas around social construction of crime
• Caused the UK Gun laws to change


  Dunblane Massacre and Michael Ryan Case
• Altered the UK's views on Capital Punishment


  Ruth Ellis, Derek Bentley and Timothy Evans
• Moral panic


  Affects how the law is applied
• Why did laws around children change overtime in the UK

  The Social Construction of Childhood evolved – children became viewed as needed to be protected, welfare state, education etc
• Behaviour that goes against Social Norms
• Something that goes against social norms, breaks the law and is harmful to society
• Actus Reus – the guilty action/committing the act of a crime
• Mens Rea – the guilty mind or the intention behind the action of committing the crime
• Showing disappointment in an informal way such as not speaking to someone, telling someone off, a quiet word etc
• Caution, Conditional Caution, Penalty notices
• Something created/defined by society and the culture of the time
• e.g Crime, childhood, family
• Different social norms and values, ideas around social construction of crime
• Dunblane Massacre and Michael Ryan Case
• Ruth Ellis, Derek Bentley and Timothy Evans
• The Public view on a social group is affected by the media, stir up worry/concern resulting in hasher sentencing
• The Social Construction of Childhood evolved – children became viewed as needed to be protected, welfare state, education etc
• Biological theories focus on the idea that physical characteristics make some people more likely to commit crime than others
• Biological is an umbrella term used to cover several theories – all linked to physical causes
• Biological Theories


  • Physiological Theories
  • Genetic Theories
  • Brain Injuries and Disorders
  • Biochemical Explanations
• Physiological Theories


  Focusing on a criminals physical characteristics
• Genetic Theories


  That see criminality as inherited
• Brain Injuries and Disorders


  That cause people to offend
• Biochemical Explanations


  Involving factors such as hormones in offending