Enzymes and Digestion

• Why are digestive enzymes produced?

  To break down big molecules to smaller molecules in order to fit them through digestive system walls
• What type of enzyme breaks down carbohydrates?

  Carbohydrase
• What are carbohydrates broken down into?

  Simple sugars
• Where is amylase produced?

  • Salivary glands
  • Pancreas
  • Small intestine
• What type of enzyme breaks down proteins?

  Protease
• What are proteins broken down into?

  Amino acids
• What type of protease is produced in the stomach?

  Pepsin
• Where are proteases produced?

  • The stomach
  • The pancreas
  • The small intestine
• What type of enzyme breaks down lipids?

  Lipase
• What two substances are lipids broken down into?

  Fatty acids and glycerol
• Where is lipase produced?

  • The pancreas
  • The small intestine
• What substance neutralises stomach acid?

  Bile
• What use does bile have other than neutralising stomach acid?

  Emulsifying fats
• Where is bile produced?

  The liver
• What does the gallbladder store?

  Bile
• In which organ does stomach acid make conditions too acidic for enzyme function?

  The small intestine
• What type of acid is stomach acid?

  Hydrochloric acid
• Is bile alkaline or acidic?

  Alkaline
• What does emulsifying fats entail?

  Breaking down fats into tiny droplets to increase the surface area therefore making it easier to digest