ICT

• Internet


  Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
• Origin of the Internet


  1. ARPANET in September 1969

  2. Allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together

  3. Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster
• 1969 ARPANET becomes functional
• 1984 ARPANET has more than 1,000 individual computers linked as hosts
• Today Millions of hosts connect to the Internet
• Wired connections


  • Computer or device physically attaches via a cable or wire to a communications device
• Wireless connections


  • Computers without a communications device can use a wireless modem or other communications device that enables wireless connectivity
• Wired Internet connections


  • Cable Internet service
  • DSL (digital subscriber line)
  • Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
• Wireless Internet connections


  • Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity)
  • Mobile broadband
  • Fixed wireless
  • Satellite Internet Service
• Hot spot


  Wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices
• Internet service provider (ISP)


  Business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
• Bandwidth


  Amount of data that travels over a network (Megabyte (MB), Gigabyte (GB))
• IP address


  Sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
• Domain name


  Text-based name that corresponds to the IP address
• DNS server


  Translates the domain name into its associated IP address
• Components of a web address


  • Protocol
  • Domain name
  • Path
• World Wide Web (WWW) or web


  Worldwide collection of electronic documents (webpages)
• Website


  Collection of related webpages and associated items
• Web server


  Computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer
• Web 2.0


  Websites that provide a means for users to share personal information, allow users to modify website content, and provide applications through a browser
• Browser


  Application that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device
• Home page


  First page that a website displays
• Current browsers typically support tabbed browsing
• Web address or URL


  Unique address of a webpage
• Web app


  Application stored on a web server that you access through a browser
• Cloud storage


  Storage for users' data and information on web app hosts' servers
• Web search engine


  Software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic
• Subject directory


  Classifies webpages in an organized set of categories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories
• Types of websites


  • Search engine
  • Online social network
  • Informational and research
  • Media sharing
  • Bookmarking
  • News, weather, sports, and other mass media
  • Educational
  • Business, governmental, and organizational
  • Blogs
  • Wiki and collaboration
  • Health and fitness
  • Science
  • Entertainment
  • Banking and finance
  • Travel and tourism
  • Mapping
  • Retail and auctions
• Types of Websites


  • Search engine
  • Online social network
  • Informational and research
  • Media sharing
  • Bookmarking
  • News, weather, sports, and other mass media
  • Educational
  • Business, governmental, and organizational
  • Blogs
  • Wiki and collaboration
  • Health and fitness
  • Science
  • Entertainment
  • Banking and finance
  • Travel and tourism
  • Mapping
  • Retail and auctions
  • Careers and employment
  • E-commerce
  • Portals
  • Content aggregation
  • Website creation and management
• Web publishing


  1. Plan the website

  2. Design the website

  3. Create the website

  4. Host the website

  5. Maintain the website
• Multimedia


  Any application that combines text with media
• Graphic


  Visual representation of nontext information
• Graphic formats


  • BMP
  • GIF
  • JPEG
  • PNG
  • TIFF
• Infographic


  Visual representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly, simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends
• Animation


  Appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence
• Audio


  Music, speech, or any other sound, compressed to reduce file size
• Video


  Images displayed in motion
• Virtual reality (VR)


  Use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space
• Plug-in


  Program that extends the capability of a browser