Cs eoy2

• A string 


  A word
• Integer 


  Whole number
• Booloan 


  True/false value
• Float 


  A decimal number
• List 


  Several values stored in a handy list
• Tuple 


  Special type of list which cannot be changed. They are represented by () and not []
• Why do we need data types 


  So you can do different things depending on the data type E.G math with integers
• Incrementing 


  Adding one to a value
• Decrementing 


  Subtracting a value
• How do we find out what data type it is 


  Type()
• Computer 


  A device that Takes an input-processes it and produces an output
• Embedded computer 


  Less obvious computer
• Internet of things 


  Lots of embedded computers connected to the same system
• external ip

  Allows devices to be routed to the same system and gives each device a number
• Ipv1,2,3


  didn’t work so binned
• IPv4


  only 32 bit so we ran out
• Ipv5 


  Still only 32 bit so didn’t work
• IPv6 


  128 bit system so we won’t run out
• ip adress 


  Number given to it so data is routed to it
• Ipv9 


  Made as an April fools 😂
• Embedded computer 


  Small computer designed to perform one specific function
• Characteristics of embedded computer

  • small in size
  • cheap in price
  • limited functionality
  • customised hardware and software
• Microcontroller 


  Consist of cpu, memory, input/output ports and circuitry all on one chip

  they are used for the proccessing
• How do microcontrollers work 


  Data received from input device which gets stored temporarily in the microcontrollers ram

  cpu then acts upon this data according To a programs instructions stored in flash memory

  a signal is send to an output device to carry out an appropriate action
• What could a microcontroller have

  • timer to measure time intervals
  • counter to store number of times the same event occurs
  • form of wireless connectivity so they can communicate with other devices
• Actuator 


  A device that can be switched on by a computer to do a job such as to turn something on/off
• How do actuators work 


  Produces motion by converting energy signals going into the system
• What motion does actuators produce

  Linear or rotary
• How do we store data 


  We have to turn numbers to 1’s and 0’s so that the ram can store them
• What is ascii 


  7 bit binary numbers which represents each symbol e.g a = 1100001

  ascii is known as a ’standard’
• Why was ascii bad

  It didn’t support for the languages with lots of letters and symbols
• Extended ascii 


  8 bit so 256 unique codes but this still isn’t enough
• Unicode 


  16 bit so 65536 unique codes
• Bitmaps 


  List of pixels in a file which can be drawn into different colours to make an image
• What do Bitmaps need 


  A colour code and image width
• High resolution 


  More pixels so a higher quality as the pixels are smaller
• Low resolution 


  Les pixels which Are bigger meaning lower quality
• A bit 


  Can only handle 2 values of 1 and 0 but they don’t take up as much memory
• true Colour 


  What modern computers have with over 16 million colour combinations
• Minor required 


  Width x height x colour depth