Enzymes

• enzymes

  biological catalysts that break down large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules
• lock and key model

  1. substrate enters and binds to active site of enzyme
  2. chemical reaction takes place releasing products of reaction
  3. substrate doesnt fit in active site as it has changed shape due to the enzyme being denatured
• effect of temperature on enzyme activity

  
• effect of pH on enzyme activity

  
• rate of reaction = 1000/time
• amylase breaks down starch into simple sugars
• amylase is found in

  • salivary glands
  • pancreas
  • small intestine
• protease break down proteins into amino acids
• protease is found in

  • stomach (pepsin)
  • pancreas
  • small intestine
• lipase break down lipids into glycerol or fatty acids
• lipase is found in

  • pancreas
  • small intestine
• bile

  • produced in liver
  • stored in gall bladder
  • neutralises stomach acid
  • emulsifies fats