5TH PD EXAM

• 5 functions of the skeletal system

  supports, protects, for movement, makes blood cells, and storage
• how does our diet affect bone development in children and bone maintenance

  lack of calcium
• how many bones make up the skeletal system

  206
• name the bones of axial and appendicular skeletons 


  axial - skull, hyoid, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum; appendicular - bones of upper and lower extremities
• name and describe the three types of joints

  synarthroses - cannot move, amphiarthroses - slightly moveable, diarthroses - freely moveable
• what is rheumatic fever?

  arthritis resulting from a bacterial infection carried to the joints via the bloodstream
• what is osteoarthritis?

  degenerative joint disease that often occurs with aging and is common in overweight individuals
• what is a dislocation

  temporary displacement of a bone from a joint
• what is a slipped disk

  a rupture or herniation of an intervertebral disk
• what is primary fibrositis

  inflammation of the fibrous connective tissue of a joint
• what is a sprain

  a twisting or turning action resulting in a tearing of ligaments associated with a joint
• list three factors that can cause muscles to malfunction causing disorders

  injury, cancer, and age
• a reflex arc is the simplest pathway able to receive a stimulus, enter the central nervous system for immediate interpretation, and produce a response
• efferent or motor neurons are those that convey information from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands
• how many pairs of cervical nerves

  8
• how many pairs of thoracic nerves

  12
• how many pairs of lumbar nerves

  5
• how many pairs of coccygeal nerves

  1
• what are the basic differences between the anatomy of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles

  the location, function, and striation
• has two divisions, sympathetic and parasympathetic

  autonomic nervous system
• potassium ions rush out of a cell in an attempt to restore resting membrane potential

  repolarization
• nerve cells that transmit nerve impulses

  nerve
• sodium ions rush into cell changing the inside charge from negative to positive

  depolarization
• bundle of nerve cells

  neuron
• the cerebellum is the largest portion of the membrane

  false
• consistent mental activity leads to mental alertness and a healthy brain

  true
• the prominent fissure that separates the cerebrum into right and left halves or hemisphere is the: longitudinal fissure
• the membrane that separates the external ear canal from the middle ear is known as the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
• inflammation of the meninges caused by bacterial or viral infection that results in a headache, fever, and a stiff neck is known as meningitis
• a disease characterized by tremors of the hand when resting and a slow, shuffling walk with the rigidity of muscular movements is known as parkinson's disease
• the part of the brain that contains all of the ascending and descending tracts that connect between the spinal cord and various parts of the brain is called the medula onblogota
• glaucoma is a condition caused by excessive pressure buildup in the aqueous humor, which can constrict blood vessels entering the eye
• the cerebellum is the second largest portion of the brain and functions as a reflex center in the coordination complex skeletal muscular movements, maintaining proper body posture, and keeping the body balanced .
• an aneurysm is an enlargement or dilation of a blood vessel wall, commonly referred to as a ballooning
• multiple sclerosis is a disease caused by progressive demyelination of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord