Stroke

• Biological causes

  Causes

  • Bleeding / haemmorragic stroke

  • Blood clot

  • Around or in the brain

  • Puts pressure on (various parts of) brain • Risk factors such as coronary heart disease, stress, high blood pressure, high fat diet,

  high sugar diet, excess alcohol, obesity

  Effects

  • Slurred speech

  • Face may droop at one side

  • Loss of motor control - inability to lift arms or hold things

  • Limited / loss of mobility

  • Side of body affected will be opposite to the side of brain affected

  • Effects depend on which part of brain affected

  Accept any correct answer
• Possible causes for Zahra's stroke


  • Too much stress in life
  • Degeneration of blood vessels resulting in loss of elasticity with age
  • Over weight
  • Too much fat/cholesterol in diet
  • Too much salt in diet
• All these result in an increase of blood pressure -blood vessel in brain bursts
• Raised cholesterol/fat results in blood clot in brain
• Problems Zahra is now experiencing


  • Speech, swallowing and movement of limbs all controlled by cerebral cortex of brain
  • If burst blood vessel pressure of escaping blood presses on nerve tissue killing it
  • If clot oxygen supply to relevant brain areas cut off -cell death
• Answer: Examples of possible biological causes:

  Haemorrhagic stroke

  • weak blood vessel

  • aneurysm

  • blood vessel bursts in brain / skull|

  • bleeding in brain

  • damages cells

  • increased pressure damages brain cells

  Ischaemic stroke / TIA

  • obstruction in blood vessel

  • atheroma

  • plaques / fatty deposits

  • blood clot

  • restricts blood flow to brain

  • oxygen supply reduced.
• Examples of possible lifestyle factors:

  High blood pressure / High salt diet

  • increases damage risk to blood vessels

  High blood cholesterol levels / High fat diet

  • increased risk of atheroma

  Smoking / Diabetes

  • damages lining of blood vessels

  • increased risk of atheroma

  Lack of exercise

  • poor circulation

  • increased risk of obesity

  Examples are not exhaustive, credit other appropriate
• Impact (symptoms) on their life/ physical/ mental health:

  •weakness or paralysis along one side of your body

  •mobility difficulties

  •muscle spasms

  •difficulty driving

  •sexual dysfunction

  •vision changes

  •difficulty swallowing

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

  •speech loss

  •inability to make small, precise movements

  •poor balance

  •It might be harder to do usual activities.

  •Mental challenges e.g. following instructions

  •memory loss

  •personality changes

  •it could be harder to do his job
• 1. Stroke 

  Impact (symptoms) on their life/ physical/ mental health:

  •weakness or paralysis along one side of your body

  •mobility difficulties

  •muscle spasms

  •difficulty driving

  •sexual dysfunction

  •vision changes

  •difficulty swallowing

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

  •speech loss

  •inability to make small, precise movements

  •poor balance

  •It might be harder to do usual activities.

  •Mental challenges e.g. following instructions

  •memory loss

  •personality changes

  •it could be harder to do his job

  •emotional changes e.g. may feel frustrated or angry or depressed