IB History- Cold War

• communism


  a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
• capital


  an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
• Democracy


  A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
• Socialism


  A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.
• 1903 - Lenin and his followers founded a political party called the the __________


  Bolshevik Party
• the Bolshevik Party focused on ______________

  creating a revolutionary, Communist state
• Bolshevik Party


  A political party that wanted Russia to lead an immediate worldwide revolution; it gained control of Russia by getting elected to the soviets by promising to leave World War I.
• 1917 - When the Bolsheviks seized power, it started what?

  Russian Revolution
• Russian Revolution


  Prompted by labor unrest, personal liberties, and elected representatives, this political revolution occurred in 1917 when Czar Nicholas II was murdered and Vladimir Lenin sought control to implement his ideas of socialism.
• When did the Revolution end?

  1923 with the Bolsheviks in charge
• What was the goal of the Russian revolution?

  Establish a communist society; overthrow the traditional monarchy led by the Tsar
• What were the anti-Bolshevik forces were known as?


  'The Whites'
• The Whites received aid from _____________

  US, Britain, France, and Japan
• Lenin died (1924), and a battle for succession emerged between 2 other leaders __________


  Stalin and Trotsky
• Stalin was more ______________ than Trotsky

  militaristic
• stalin


  Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
• Who led the Soviet Union until 1953?

  Stalin
• Trotsky


  A brilliant strategist who served as commander of the victorious Reds in the civil war and Lenin's advisor until Lenin's death. He was very persuasive and had charisma; he was very good at propaganda. He fought Stalin for the head job after Lenin's death in 1924, but lost.
• Trotsky was more focused on the ___________ than Stalin

  ideals of communism
• What caused conflicts between Marxism-Leninism and 'The West' (US, Canada, Western Europe)

  Political systems, Religion, and Civil Rights
• Communist ideology viewed democracy as a __________

  cover for Capitalism
• The West ___________ the lack of democracy present in Communist systems

  distrusted
• Communist ideology was __________religion

  strongly against
• Did one group think they were more democratic?

  Yes
• organized religion was _________ under Bolshevik leadership


  banned
• The Soviets criticized the ____________ over Western media

  influence of rich capitalists
• The West criticized the ___________ imposed by the Bolsheviks during their rise to power

  limitations placed on freedoms of speech and assembly
• The cold war was ___________

  period of intense antagonism between 2 superpowers: The United States, and the Soviet Union
• When was the cold war?

  1945 - 1991
• Why was the conflict a "Cold" War?

  two sides did not fight each other directly
• How was the cold war fought?


  via proxy wars (wars in other parts of the world that centered on the fight between their two political systems)
• What was the goal of both Superpowers?

  wanted to extend their "Spheres of Influence"
• What is a Sphere of influence?

  Countries aligned with a superpower
• What is an Atomic Bomb?

  Used in World War II; Blast radius of about a mile
• What is a Hydrogen Bomb?

  Developed just after World War II; Blast radius of about 10-15 miles; Up to 1,000 times more powerful than the Atomic bomb
• Warhead


  the explosive head of a missile, torpedo, or similar weapon.
• Stalin's childhood


  Georgia; Part of the Russian federation, but with a distinct culture and language; Russian was Stalin's second language
• Was Stalin wealthy growing up?

  No, he grew up relatively impoverished
• Pure Capitalism


  economic system, the private ownership of resources and the use of prices to coordinate economic activity in unregulated markets
• Pure Communism


  a New Soviet Man and New Soviet Woman would develop characteristics that reflect the new societal order