SCIENCE 8 4TH

• Intake of the food into the body

  INGESTION
• Where the food passes through the wall of the small intestine and into the bloodstream.

  ABSORPTION
• The breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into soluble form.

  DIGESTION
• The process of eliminating or expelling waste matter.


  EXCRETION
• The movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used.

  ASSIMILATION
• What are the two phases of digestion?

  Mechanical and Chemical
• What kind of phase starts in the mouth and is carried out by enzymes?

  Chemical
• What kind of phase involves physical movement to make foods smaller?

  Mechanical
• What does the mouth include?


  The teeth, tongue, and salivary glands
• Coverts starch into disaccharides

  Ptyalin or Amylase
• The food then becomes a semi-solid mass

  Bolus
• The back of the mouth

  Pharynx
• A flap of tissue that closes the trachea

  Epiglottis
• A flap of tissue that closes the trachea

  Epiglottis
• Where the food enters and temporarily store in the stomach

  Esophagus
• Where the nutrients are absorbed in the villi and enter the circulatory system.


  Small Intestine
• One of the small intestine regions where fluid enters from the stomach through the ducts of the pancreas, liver, and gall bladder.


  Duodenum
• Where the undigested food goes including waste.

  Large intestine
• These help break down proteins in the stomach and fats in the small intestine.

  Protease and lipase
• An intersection leading to the trachea and esophagus

  Pharynx
• Passageway of food

  Pharynx
• What are the three regions of the pharynx?

  Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Laryngopharynx
• Connects the pharynx to the stomach

  Esophagus
• Is a muscular sac with expandable wall. These contract to mash the food into a water soup called chyme.

  Stomach
• The longest part of the digestive system and is involved in the absorption of nutrients.


  Small Intestine
• What are the three divisions of a small intestine?


  Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
• Stores feces until it is egested

  Rectum
• Absorbs water and mineral salts from the unaccumulated food material.

  Large Intestine
• To provide an outlet for disposing of the undigested matter out of the body

  Anus
• Is to store bile, also called gall, needed for the digestion of fats in food.

  Gall Bladder
• A vital organ that produces bile.

  Liver
• It moistens the food 


  Salivary Glands
• Plays an essential role in converting the food we eat into fuel for the body cells.

  Pancreas
• What are the two main functions of a pancreas?

  Exocrine and Endocrine
• What is exocrine

  Helps in digestion
• What is endocrine?


  Regulates blood sugar
• Is a series of events that take place in the life of a cell as it grows and divides.

  CELL CYCLE
• What are the two major phases?

  The interphase and mitotic phase?
• What are the two major phases?

  The interphase and mitotic phase?
• What is the interphase?


  Preparatory or resting stage