Endocrine

• Major endocrine glands

  -Hypothalamus

  -Pineal gland

  -Pituitary glands

  -Thymus

  -Gonads

  -Pancreas

  -Thyroid glands

  -Parathyroid glands

  -Adrenal glands
• Lobes in the Pituitary glands

  -Posterior lobe

  -Anterior lobe
• Posterior lobe


  releases hormones made by the hypothalamus.
• Hormones in the Posterior lobe of the Pituitary glands

  -Oxytocin

  -Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
• Peptide



  chemical class of oxytocin and Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
• Oxytocin (major actions)



  stimulates contraction of uterus and the milk "let down" reflex
• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)



  promotes retention of water by kidneys
• Oxytocin, Nervous system (hypothalamus)



  • The _____ is regulated by the _____ (____), in response to uterine stretching and/or suckling of baby
• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), hypothalamus



  ____is regulated by the _____ , in response to water/salt imbalance
• Hormones in the Anterior lobe of the Pituitary glands (6)

  -Growth hormone (GH)

  -Prolactin (PRL)

  -Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

  -Luteinizing hormone (LH)

  -Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

  -Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
• Protein


  chemical class of the anterior lobe hormones.
• Growth hormone (major actions)



  stimulates growth (especially of bones and muscles)and metabolism.
• Prolactin (major actions)


  stimulates milk prodction
• Follicle-stimulating hormones (major actions)

  stimulates production of ovaries and sperm
• Luteinizing hormone (major actions)


  stimulates ovaries and testes
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone (major actions)


  stimulates the thyroid
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (major actions)


  stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids.
• GH, hypothalamic


  _____ is regulated by _____ releasing and inhibiting hormones.
• PRL, FSH, LH


  ___,___ ,__ is stimulated by hypothalamic hormones.
• TSH


  ___ regulated by thyroxine in blood; hypothalamic hormones
• ACTH


  ____ is regulated by glucocorticoids; hypothalamic hormones
• Hormone in the Pineal gland

  Melatonin
• Hormones in the Thyroid gland

  -Thyroxine (T4)

  -Triiodothyronine (T3)

  -Calcitonin
• Hormone in the Parathyroid gland

  -Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
• Melatonin (chemical class)

  Amine
• Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine (T3) (chemical class)

  Amine
• Calcitonin (chemical class)

  Peptide
• Parathyroid hormone (chemical class)

  Peptide
• Melatonin, light/dark cycles.


  _____involved in biological rhythms (daily and seasonal) and is regulated by ______.
• Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine, TSH


  ____ and____ stimulates metabolism and is regulated by ___
• Calcitonin, calcium


  ____reduces blood calcium ion levels and is regulated by ____ ion levels.
• Thymosin, Peptide


  -hormone of the Thymus _____

  -chemical class of the thymus _____
• Thymosin


  programs T lymphocytes and the regulation is not known
• Adrenal glands

  -Adrenal medulla

  -Adrenal cortex
• Hormones in the Adrenal medulla

  -Epinephrine

  -Norepinephrine
• Hormones in the adrenal cortex

  -Glucocorticoids

  -Mineralocorticoids

  -Androgens and estogens
• Chemical class (1.Epinephrine and Norepinephrine, 2.Glucocorticoids, 3.Mineralocorticoids, 4. Androgen and Estrogen)

  1.Amines

  2.Steroids

  3.Steroids

  4.none
• Epinephrine and Norepinephrine (major actions), sympathetic division.


  raise blood glucose level; increase metabolism; constrict certain blood vessels and is regulated by Nervous system (____)
• Glucocorticoids (major actions),ACTH


  increase blood glucose level
• Mineralocorticoids (major actions)


  promotes reabsorption of Na and excretion of K in kidney