Global Governance Facts

• India and China receive the most remittances
• only 63% of doctors in the UK are trained here
• International migrants are 3.6% of global population
• 2020 - migrants nearly 15% of total population in HICs, and less than 2% in middle and low income countries.
• Europe and Asia have the most international migrants. 
• Major labour flows within continents (top 3 2017) -

  Asia - from South Asia to Middle East

  Europe - Germany has most European migrants mostly from Eastern Europe, then UK.

  Africa - mostly between neighbouring countries due to cost. Countries with largest migrant populations - South Africa (around 3mil), Côte d'Ivoire (around 2.5mil), and Nigeria (1.3mil).
• South Africa and Nigeria are wealthiest African countries.
• Major labour flows between continents (top 3 2017) - 

  • Latin America + Caribbean to North America
  • Asia to Europe - Germany, England, France, Spain are European countries with highest number of Asian migrants.
  • Asia to North America - Majority from Eastern Asia.
• 80% of population in UK employed in service sector, 78% in France.
• Largest reserves of cobalt, diamonds, platinum + uranium in Africa.
• Top exporters of pharmaceutical products 2022 - Germany, Switzerland, USA.
• Top exporters of textiles 2022 - China, Bangladesh.
• Top exporters of clothing 2022 - China, Germany, India.
• Chernobyl - nuclear fallout reached UK.
• 2 million+ Indian migrants in UAE (30% of pop) send around $15 billion to India annually in remittances.
• Garment factory Rana Plaza (provides clothes for Primark, Matalan, Walmart) collapsed in 2013, killed 1134.
• EU receives 10x the amount of electrical imports from China than it exports to China.
• China is the largest producer of smartphones, yet only 55% of the population has a smartphone, compared to 77% of the USA.
• Global exports increased from $11 trillion in 2016 to $24 trillion in 2023.
• Trade volumes declined during economic crises of 2008, 2015 + 2020.
• FDI risen from $400 billion to $1500 billion in 20 years.
• Leading exporters - mainly HICs but some NEEs  - only China, Mexico in top 10.
• Leading importers - HICs and some NEEs - China, Vietnam, Turkey in top 10
• 2021 - sales of Fairtrade products in the UK generated £25 million for farmers + workers to invest in their businesses and communities.
• Trade Blocs: EU, NAFTA, ASEAN, AU, CARICOM, USAN.
• UN First post-war IGO to be established. 193 global members.
• UN General Assembly includes all 193 members
• UN Security Council has 15 members, 5 permanent.
• UN’s Kosovo Mission allegedly had 800 counts of sexual abuse, 70 of murder, and 100 of extortion/theft. 
• 5 permanent members of Security Council (China, France, Russia, UK, USA)
• UN’s Millennium Development Goals lifted 1 billion people out of extreme poverty, since 1990 maternal mortality rate halved, primary school enrolment increased. 
• UN helped resolve the Iran-Iraq war, Korean War. 
• The World Bank supports over 2000 projects to alleviate poverty.
• ⅓ of World Bank financed projects failing.
• TWB - Polonoroeste project for road building in Brazilian states - Rondonia (state) achieved fastest rate of deforestation.
• TWB - Sardar Sarovar dam project, India - World Bank agreed to loan despite project’s failure to comply with environmental laws. 250,000 displaced. Had been 3 decades of protest beforehand.
• Antarctica losing ice mass at rate of 150 million tonnes per year.
• Adélie penguins need stable sea ice to build nests + raise young.
• Krill is most fished marine animal - 150 to 200,000 tonnes fished annually, majority Antarctic Krill.
• Of the 10 common whale species, 6 vulnerable to critically endangered (antarctic blue whale), and have krill as a diet.