MP

• Protozoa


  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Trichomonas
  • Plasmodium
  • Leishmania

  
• Infective stage


  The stage that can infect a host
• Diagnostic stage


  The stage that can be used to diagnose an infection
• Cyst


  A dormant, protective stage of a protozoan
• Trophozoite


  The active, feeding stage of a protozoan

  
• Sporozite


  The infective stage of a Plasmodium parasite

  
• Erythrocytic cycle


  The stage of the Plasmodium life cycle that occurs in the human host's red blood cells

  
• Promastigote


  The infective stage of a Leishmania parasite

  
• Amastigote


  The diagnostic stage of a Leishmania parasite

  
• Intestinal and urogenital protozoa

  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Trichomonas vaginalis
  • Balantidium coli

  
• Blood and tissue protozoa

  • Acanthamoeba
  • Naegleria
  • Leishmania
  • Trypanosoma
  • Plasmodium
  • Toxoplasma gondii

  
• Intestinal cestodes (tapeworms)


  • Taenia saginata (Beef tapeworm)
  • Taenia solium (Pork tapeworm)
  • Diphyllobothrium latum (Broad fish tapeworm)
  • Hymenolepis nana (Dwarf tapeworm)

  
• Extra-intestinal cestodes (tapeworms)


  • Echinococcus granulosus (Dog tapeworm or Hydatid tapeworm)

  
• Blood-dwelling flukes


  • Schistosoma masoni
  • Schistosoma hematobium
  • Schistosoma japonicum

  
• Tissue-dwelling flukes


  • Clonorchis sinensis (Asian/Chinese liver fluke)
  • Fasciola hepatica (Sheep liver fluke)
  • Paragonimus westermani (Oriental lung fluke)
  • Fasciolopsis buski (Large intestinal fluke)
• Intestinal nematodes


  • Ascaris lumbricoides (Large intestinal roundworms)
  • Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworm, seatworm)
  • Trichuris trichiura (Whipworm)
  • Ancylostoma duodenale (Old) and Necator americanus (New) World hookworm
  • Strongyloides stercoralis (Threadworm)
  • Capillaria philippinensis (Pudoc worm)

  
• Blood and tissue nematodes


  • Wuchereria bancrofti (Bancroft's filarial worm) and Brugia malayi (Malayan filarial worm

  
• Intestinal-tissue nematodes


  • Trichinella spiralis (Muscle worm, Trichina worm)

  
• Cytostome


  Primitive mouth
• Reservoir


  The animal or environment where a parasite lives and reproduces

  
• Amastigote


  The pathogenic and diagnostic stage of a Leishmania parasite

  
• Epimastigote


  The stage of a Leishmania parasite found in the vector

  
• Kala azar


  Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as black sickness or dumdum fever
• Old world cutaneous leishmaniasis

  Also known as oriental sore, Baghdad or Delhi boil
• Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis


  Also known as espundia, affects the skin, cartilage, and mucous membranes
• Chancre


  A painless sore that develops at the site of a tsetse fly bite in African sleeping sickness
• Winter's bottom sign


  A sign of African sleeping sickness characterized by localized edema
• Kerandel's sign


  A sign of African sleeping sickness characterized by muscle tremors and slurred speech
• Quartan malaria


  Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae with a 72-hour fever cycle

  
• Tertian malaria


  Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, ovale, or falciparum with a 48-hour fever cycle

  
• Quotidian malaria


  Malaria caused by Plasmodium knowlesi with a 24-hour erythrocyte cycle

  
• Blackwater fever


  A complication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria characterized by hemoglobinuria

  
• Cysticercus


  The infective larval stage of a tapeworm

  
• Hydatid cyst


  The larval stage of the Echinococcus tapeworm that can form cysts in the body

  
• Filariform larvae


  The infective larval stage of a hookworm that can penetrate the skin

  
• Ground itch


  A skin condition caused by hookworm larvae penetrating the skin
• Cutaneous larva migrans


  A skin condition caused by hookworm larvae migrating under the skin

  
• Loffler's syndrome


  A condition characterized by respiratory symptoms and peripheral eosinophilia caused by migrating Ascaris larvae

  
• Ascaris lumbricoides is the longest intestinal nematode
• Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi are mosquito-borne parasites that cause filariasis