The vaccine is made containingdead or weakenedform of the pathogen then it is injected into the body
White blood cells have antibodies which are specific to antigens on the pathogen
Whitebloodcells form memory cells so they can remember how to produce these antibodies when the same pathogen enters the body
On the second exposure antibodies are present. The white blood cells produce antibodies more quickly and more specific. so the pathogen are destroyed before you feel any symptom. The person is immune
Vaccines work by introducing an antigen that mimics the disease causing organism, but does not cause illness itself.