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Gen Pathology: Midterms
Understanding the ABG
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Kate Cuizon
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Cards (14)
Respiratory Acidosis
pH is less than
7.35
with PaCO2 greater than
45
mmHg
Acidosis
accumulation of CO2 which combines with water in the body to produce carbonic acid, thus lowering the pH of the blood
Causes of Respiratory Acidosis
COPD
Cystic Fibrosis
Airway Obstruction
Spinal Cord Injury
Depressant drugs
Inadequate Mechanical Ventilation
Respiratory Alkalosis
pH is greater than 7.35 with PaCO2
less
than 45 mmHg
Alkalosis
due to excessive wash of CO2 thus increasing pH of the blood
Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis
Severe
anemia
Pneumonia
Shock
Metabolic Acidosis
pH is less than
7.35
with a HCO3 less than
22
mEq/L
Acidosis
due to any disorder that will lead to tissue hypoperfusion, which will eventually lead to lactic acid production
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis
Diarrhea
Hyperkalemia
Metabolic Alkalosis
pH is greater than
7.35
with HCO3 greater than
26
mEq/L
Alkalosis
due to excessive acid loss or HCO3 retention
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis
Repeated
vomiting
Hypokalemia
Arterial Blood
Gases
Arterial Blood Gas
Analysis