chapter 1

• Features that prokaryotes have but eukaryotes don't are a nucleoid and periplasmic space.
• Unlike prokaryotes, eukaryotes have a nucleus, cell walls (if a plant cell), and more organelles.
• Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have ribosomes, cell membranes, DNA, and the ability to reproduce.
• Cell size can be limited by...

  • the volume of cytoplasm that can be supported by the genes in the nucleus
  • the volume of cytoplasm that can be supported by the exchange of nutrients
  • the distance over which substances can efficiently travel through the cytoplasm via diffusion
• The scientific method is a process used to assess new information
• The scientific method includes scientists formulating a hypothesis, collecting and interpreted data, and accepting or rejecting a model.
• Observations can be explained by hypotheses, theories, and laws.
• A hypothesis is a testable statement consistent with most of the data, may take the form of a model.
• A theory is a widely accepted hypothesis that has been extensively tested by many investigators using different approaches.
• A law is a statement of fact describing a natural phenomena that has been tested and confirmed over a long period of time with virtually no doubt of its validity.