communicable disease

• Pertussis (Whooping Cough)


  • Causative agent: Bordetella pertussis
  • Drug of choice: Erythromycin
  • Alternative: Ampicillin
  • Corticosteroid: Betamethasone (for paroxysm)
  • Bronchodilator: Albuterol
• Filariasis


  • Causative agents: Brugia malayi, Wuchereria bancrofti
  • Drug of choice: Diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) or Hetrazan
• Candidiasis


  • Causative agent: Candida albicans
  • Antifungals: Fluconazole (Diflucan), Ketoconazole (Nizoral), Nystatin (for Oral Thrush)
• Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever


  • Causative agents: Chikungunya, Dengue virus 1, 2, 3, & 4
  • Treatment: Paracetamol (for Fever), Blood Transfusion (for severe bleeding)
• Chlamydia


  • Causative agent: Chlamydia trachomatis
  • Drug of choice: Azithromycin
  • Secondary: Doxycycline
• Tetanus (Lockjaw)


  • Causative agent: Clostridium tetani
  • Active Immunization: Tetanus Antitoxin or Tetanus Toxoid
  • Passive Immunization: Tetanus Immunoglobulin
• Diphtheria


  • Causative agent: Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Klebs-Loeffler bacillus)
  • Vaccine Prevented: DPT vaccine or Diphtheria antitoxin
  • Drugs of choice: Penicillin, Erythromycin
• Amoebiasis


  • Causative agent: Entamoeba histolytica
  • Drug of choice: Metronidazole
  • Others: Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol
• Hepatitis B Infection


  • Causative agent: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
  • Vaccine Prevented: Hepatitis B vaccine
• Genital warts


  • Causative agent: Human Papilloma virus
  • Vaccine Prevented: Human Papilloma Virus vaccine
  • Drugs of choice: Podophyllin and podofilox (Condylox)
  • Other Forms of Treatment: Electrocautery, Freezing, Laser treatment
• Poliomyelitis (Infantile Paralysis)


  • Causative agent: Legio debilitans
  • Vaccine Prevented: Oral Polio Vaccine & IPV
  • Other Treatments: Analgesic, Morphine, Rehabilitation
• Leptospirosis


  • Causative agent: Leptospira interrogans
  • First Line: Penicillin G, Doxycycline
  • Second Line: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin
• Leprosy (Hansen's Disease)


  • Causative agent: Mycobacterium leprae
  • Paucibacillary Treatment: Rifampicin, Dapsone
  • Multibacillary Treatment: Rifampicin, Clofazimine, Dapsone
  • Multi-drug Therapy (MDT) Single lesion: Rifampicin, Ofloxacin, Minocycline
• Tuberculosis


  • Causative agent: Mycobacterium tubercle
  • Drugs of choice: Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
  • Streptomycin (for relapse)
• Gonorrhea


  • Causative agent: Neisseria gonorrheae
  • Drug of choice: Cefixime
  • Others: Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Erythromycin
• Meningitis


  • Causative agent: Neisseria meningitidis
  • Drug of choice: Penicillin
• Measles (Rubeola)


  • Causative agent: Paramyxo virus
  • Vaccine Prevented: Measles Containing Vaccine, MMR, MR
  • Treatments: Vitamin A, Paracetamol, Penicillin
• Mumps (Infectious Parotitis)


  • Causative agent: Paramyxo virus
  • Vaccine Prevented: MMR
  • Treatments: Paracetamol, Ibuprofen
• Malaria


  • Causative agents: Plasmodium falciparum (Common in the Phil.), P. ovale, P. vivax, P. malariae
  • Drugs: Chloroquine, Primaquine, Quinine, Sulfadoxine, Pyrimethamine
• Rabies


  • Causative agent: Rhabdovirus, Lyssavirus
  • Active Immunization: Lyssavac Anti-rabies vaccine
  • Passive Immunization: Rabies Immunoglobulin
• German Measles (Rubella)


  • Causative agent: Rubella virus
  • Vaccine Prevented: MMR
  • Treatment: Aspirin
• Typhoid Fever


  • Causative agent: Salmonella typhi
  • Drug of choice: Chloramphenicol
  • Others: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole
• Schistosomiasis


  • Causative agent: Schistosoma japonicum
  • Drug of choice: Praziquantel
• Pneumonia


  • Causative agent: Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Drug of choice: Azithromycin
  • Others: Clarithromycin, Co-amoxiclav
• Syphilis


  • Causative agent: Treponema pallidum
  • Drug of choice: Penicillin
  • Alternative: Doxycycline
• Trichomoniasis


  • Causative agent: Trichomonas vaginalis
  • Drug of choice: Metronidazole
• Chickenpox, Shingles


  • Causative agent: Varicella zoster
  • Treatments: Acyclovir (Zovirax), Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Prednisone
• Cholera


  • Causative agent: Vibrio cholerae
  • Drug of choice: Tetracycline
  • Others: Cotrimoxazole, Chloramphenicol
• AIDS


  • Causative agent: Human Immunodeficiency virus
  • Drug of choice: Zidovudine (Retrovir)
• Pertussis (Whooping Cough)


  • Causative agent: Bordetella pertussis
  • Drug of choice: Erythromycin
  • Alternative: Ampicillin
  • Corticosteroid: Betamethasone (for paroxysm)
  • Bronchodilator: Albuterol
• Filariasis


  • Causative agents: Brugia malayi, Wuchereria bancrofti
  • Drug of choice: Diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) or Hetrazan
• Candidiasis


  • Causative agent: Candida albicans
  • Antifungals: Fluconazole (Diflucan), Ketoconazole (Nizoral), Nystatin (for Oral Thrush)
• Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever


  • Causative agents: Chikungunya, Dengue virus 1, 2, 3, & 4
  • Treatment: Paracetamol (for Fever), Blood Transfusion (for severe bleeding)
• Chlamydia


  • Causative agent: Chlamydia trachomatis
  • Drug of choice: Azithromycin
  • Secondary: Doxycycline
• Tetanus (Lockjaw)


  • Causative agent: Clostridium tetani
  • Active Immunization: Tetanus Antitoxin or Tetanus Toxoid
  • Passive Immunization: Tetanus Immunoglobulin
• Diphtheria


  • Causative agent: Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Klebs-Loeffler bacillus
  • Vaccine Prevented: DPT vaccine or Diphtheria antitoxin
  • Drugs of choice: Penicillin, Erythromycin
• Amoebiasis


  • Causative agent: Entamoeba histolytica
  • Drug of choice: Metronidazole
  • Others: Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol
• Hepatitis B Infection


  • Causative agent: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
  • Vaccine Prevented: Hepatitis B vaccine
• Genital warts


  • Causative agent: Human Papilloma virus
  • Vaccine Prevented: Human Papilloma Virus vaccine
  • Drugs of choice: Podophyllin and podofilox (Condylox)
  • Other Forms of Treatment: Electrocautery, Freezing, Laser treatment
• Poliomyelitis (Infantile Paralysis)


  • Causative agent: Legio debilitans
  • Vaccine Prevented: Oral Polio Vaccine & IPV
  • Other Treatments: Analgesic, Morphine, Rehabilitation