Enzymes

• How do enzymes lower the activation energy?

  They stabilise the transition state of the reaction by holding molecules in close proximity
• What do enzymes and substrates bind together to make?

  Enzyme substrate complex
• What's the difference between the induced fit and lock and key model how how an enzyme works?

  In the lock and key model the enzyme and substrate are fully complimentary

  In the induced fit model the active site adjusts to the substrate
• What is a competitive inhibitor?

  The inhibitor is a similar shape to the substrate and binds to the active site
• What's a non-competitive inhibitor?

  The inhibitor is a different shape to the substrate and binds to a region that is not the active site, causing a change in the shape of the active site
• The effect of which inhibitor is reduced by adding more substrates and why?

  The competitive inhibitor as there's a higher chance the substrate will bind to the enzyme before the inhibitor
• Which line is the competitive inhibitor and which is the noncompetitive inhibitor? How do you know?

  The green line is the competitive inhibitor as it is not affected by increased substrate concentration

  The blue line which is the non-competitive inhibitor which is affected by increased substrate concentration