Tite

• Kinship


  Social institution that refers to relations formed between members of society. It explains the nature and reason for the formation of the different types of bonds that exist within society.
• Types of Kinship


  • Kinship by Blood
  • Kinship by Marriage
  • Kinship by Rituals
• Consanguineal kinship


  Kinship based on blood, considered the most basic and general form of relations. The relationship is achieved by birth or blood affinity.
• Descent


  Biological relationship. Societies recognize that children descend from parents and that there exists a biological relationship between parents and their offspring.
• Lineage


  The line where one's descent is traced. An individual's descent can be traced by studying either the person's paternal or maternal line.
• Forms of descent


  • Patrilineal
  • Matrilineal
  • Bilateral
• Affinal kinship


  Kinship based on marriage. New forms of social relations are developed when a marriage occurs.
• Marriage customs


  • Endogamy
  • Exogamy
  • Monogamy
  • Polygamy
  • Polygyny
  • Polyandry
• Post-Marital Residence Rules


  • Neolocal
  • Patrilocal
  • Matrilocal
  • Matrifocal
  • Avunculocal
  • Ambilocal
  • Natalocal
• Compadrazgo


  Ritualized form of forging co-parenthood or family. Relationship between the child's biological parents, their children, and persons close to the parents but not related by blood become a family.
• Types of Families

  • Nuclear
  • Extended
  • Blended
• Types of Households


  • Nuclear
  • Extended
  • Reconstituted
  • Matrifocal
  • Transnational
• Political Systems


  • Bands
  • Tribes
  • Chiefdoms
  • Nations
• Legitimacy


  Moral and ethical concept that bestows one who possesses power the right to exercise such power since such is perceived to be justified and proper
• Authority


  Power to make binding decisions and issue commands. Necessary for a leader to possess authority.
• Types of Authority

  • Traditional
  • Charismatic
  • Rational-legal or bureaucratic
• Traditional authority is legitimated by the sanctity of custom and tradition. The ability and right to rule is passed down, often through heredity. It does not change overtime, does not facilitate social change, tends to be irrational and inconsistent, and perpetuates the status quo.
• Charismatic authority is found in a leader whose mission and vision inspire others. It is based upon the perceived extraordinary characteristics of an individual.
• Rational-legal authority is empowered by a formalistic belief in the content of the law (legal) or natural law (rationality). Obedience is not given to a specific individual leader - whether traditional or charismatic - but a set of uniform principles.