Tundra

• The Arctic and Antarctic tundra receive about 150 to 250mm of water per year, and the alpine receives about 300mm. Tundras can still be quite wet because of the slow evaporation rates.
• In the tundra, the soils are very low in nutrients and minerals. In fact, the main source of nutrients in tundra soils are animal droppings and dead organic matter. During warm months, only the top layer of soil is able to thaw. Therefore, deeper layers of soil remain permanently frozen, creating a layer of frozen earth know as permafrost
• The tundra climate region occurs between 60˚ and 75˚ of latitude in the North, mostly along the Arctic coast of North America and Eurasia and on the coastal margins of Greenland.
• Tundra biomes recieve rain as a form of snow
• There is little biodiversity in the tundra, and those who do live in the tundra have adapted over time.
• The nutrients of the soil in the tundra biome are mostly received from decaying matter and animal droppings, making it very scarce. The soil is largely permafrost, leaving a short space of time for plants to grow in.
• Tundras have extreme cold temperatures and medium low rainfall all year round. Temperatures can warm slightly in the summer, where rain is also slightly higher.

  
• The average temperature of tundras is -30 - 20˚C
• The altitude of tundras vary, but they are often found of an altitude about 3500m