Chapter 5: Memory

• Memory


  The process of encoding, storing and retrieving previously encountered information.
• Attkinson-Shriffin multi-store model of memory


  Model that outline the three seperate stores of memory.
• Sensory Memory


  Store of memory which briefly stores raw information.
• Short Term Memory (STM)


  Store of memory that stores a limited amount of information that is consciouslt being attended to and actively manipulated.
• Encoding


  Process of converting information into a useable form.
• Long Term Memory(LTM)


  Store of memory in which a potentially unlimited amount of information is stored for a relatively permanent amount of time.
• Storage


  Retention of information over time.
• Retrieval


  Process of accessing information that has been stored in the LTM and brining it into conscious awareness (LTM).
• Explicit (declarative) Memory


  Type of long-term memory that is consciously retrieved.
• Semantic Memory


  Type of explicit memory for general knowledge and facts.
• Episodic Memory


  Explicit memory for personal experiences and events.
• Implicit Memory


  Type of long term memory that is unconsciously retrieved.
• Procedural Memory


  Implicit memory involving completing tasks facilitated by motor skills.
• Classically Conditioned Memory 


  Implicit memory involving a response. (classical conditioning)
• Hippocampus 


  Encodes and consolidates explicit memories.
• Amygdala 


  Encodes emotional part of memories. (implicit and explicit memories0
• Neocortex

  Stores explicit memories.
• Basal Ganglia

  Encodes and stores implicit memories
• Cerebellum 


  Encodes and stories implicit procedural memories.
• Autobiographical Events


  Personally lived experiences
• Possibly imagined futures 


  Hypothetical experiences and situations that an individual has the ability to create and conceptualise in their mind.
• Neurodegenerative Disease 


  Progressive loss of neurons in the brain.
• Alzheimer's Disease


  Memory decline due to loss of neurons in the brain.
• Lesion 


  Aria of tissue thats been damaged due to disease.
• Amyloid plaques 


  Accumulation of Beta amyloids that forms plaques which inhibits communication between neurons.
• Neurofibrillary Tangles


  Accumulation of protein tau that forms tangles within the neuron preventing the transportation of essential substances that eventually kills the neuron.
• Aphantasia


  Lack of ability/capability to generate mental imagery.
• Mental Imagery 


  Visual representative of sensory information without the presence of sensory stimuli.
• Written Traditions 


  Practices in which knowledge, stories and customs are preserved and shared through wirting and reading.
• Mnemonics


  Devices/techniques that aid with the encoding, storage and retrieval of information.
• Acronyms


  First letter of item formed a pronounceable word.
• Acrostics


  First letter of items create a phrase, rhyme or poem.
• Method of Loci (Memory palace)

  Converts items to mental images and associates with a location.
• Oral Traditions


  Practices in which knowledge, stories and customs are preserved and shared through spoken word and movement.
• Sung Narratives


  Using singing, harmony, and rhythm to share important cultural, ecological and survival information.
• Songlines

  Multimodal performance conducted as a family or community travels through country and spaces in the landscape that records journey, links important sites and decribed way to live and care for and nurture country.