PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

• covers the growth of the body and the brain, motor and sensory skills, and even physical health.

  Physical Development
• Covers the capacity to learn, to speak, to understand, to reason, and to create.

  Cognitive Development
• Includes social interactions with other people, emotions, attitudes, self-identity, personality, beliefs, and values.

  Psychosocial Development
• Heredity, Environment, Maturation


  Influencing Factors of Human Development
• The inborn traits passed on by the generations of offspring from both sides of the biological parents' families.

  Heredity
• The world outside of ourselves and the experience that result from our contact and interaction with this external world.

  Environment
• The natural progression of the brain and the body that affects the cognitive (thinking and intelligence), psychological (emotion, attitude, and self-identity), and social (relationships) dimension of a person.

  Maturation
• Is based on eight stages of development

  Psychosocial development theory
• Erikson's theory is based on the idea that development through life is a series of stages which are each defined by a crisis or challenge
• Infancy - must develop a loving trusting relationship with the mother/caregiver through feeding, teething, and comforting
• Early Childhood - the child's energy is directed towards mastering physical skills such as walking, grasping, and muscular control
• Late Childhood - child continues to become more assertive in exploration, discovery, adventure and play
• Late Childhood - may show too much force in this stage causing feelings of guilt
• School age - the child must learn to dealt with new skills and develop a sense of achievement and accomplishment
• Adolescence - must achieve a sense of identity in occupation, politics, and religion. In addition, they must resolve their identity and direction
• Young Adulthood - must develop intimate relationships through work and social life
• Adulthood- each must find a way to satisfy, support, and contribute to the next generation; it is often thought of as giving back
• Maturity - individual is creating meaning and purpose of one's life and reflecting on life achievements
• Identity - the concept of an individual about himself
• Identity is often referred to as "self-identity" influenced and molded by environment
• Experimentation is common activity as they search for identity
• Attitudes and Behavior Toward Sexuality and Sexual Relationship -      Puberty drives the adolescent to experience surges of sexual desires which lead them to experimentation and exploration.
• are part of one's identity

  Roles
• Role of a student is the primary role of an adolescent.

  Academic Concerns
• While there is an urge to be independent, there is also an urge to seek a replacement of this support system.

  Group Belongingness
• 


  A healthy mind and body is what every adolescent should strive for

  Health and Nutrition
• Students who encounter criticism at home and in school often develop low self-esteem

  Developing or Regaining Self- Esteem
• is also an important aspect of an adolescent

  Grooming
• When there is a disparity between one’s self-identity and the roles one play, then confusion arises

  Roles
• Stories about school children and adolescent students who live in far-living areas where infrastructure is not available and of those who do not have much choice but to walk when going to school.

  Material Poverty
• Students who lack of materials or school supplies

  Material Poverty
• Impact of an absent parent on a child who is growing up with only one parent, or even no parent at home

  Parents Working Abroad
• Adolescent who is creating identity for himself is faced with an urgent need to identify what course to take in college.

  Career Choice
• Female adolescent who desires autonomy and independence will encounter more parental objections.

  Relationships
• Breakups in romantic relationships occur frequently among adolescents because of immaturity
• Challenge of knowing what is important and of great value

  Values and Beliefs
• If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust.

  Infancy
• Toddlers learn to exercise will and do things for themselves, or they doubt their abilities.

  Early Childhood or Toddlerhood
• Preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about efforts to be independent.


  Late Childhood or Preschooler
• Children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks, or they feel inferior.


  School age or Elementary school