5.4 draught

• define drought

  prolonged periods where levels precipitation are lower than expected
• what are the two types of drought

  hydrological and meteorological
• what is a meteorological drought

  where precipitation levels are less than average
• what is a hydrological drought

  where less than average precipitation levels affect water supplies, such as channel flow and groundwater storage
• what are the 3 different physical processes that can cause drought

  -short term precipitation deficits

  -long term trends such as climate change

  -atmospheric circulation (ENSO effect)
• what is a short term precipitation deficit caused by ?
• what are longer term trends that cause precipitation deficits

  climate change
• explain why climate change will cause droughts

  increases evaporation which reduces surface waters
• what directions do trade winds travel

  east to west
• which country is in the east of the South Pacific Ocean


  South America
• what coast of South America is affected by the ENSO affect

  western coast
• which country is in the west of the South Pacific Ocean

  indonesia
• with the normal condition, what is the climate in Australia

  rainy
• with the normal condition, what is the climate in South America

  dry
• even though meteorological causes are the initial cause of drought, why are human causes still significant

  increase the risk of drought