Reactions of Acids

• What two substances dissolve in water to form bases?

  Metal oxides and metal hydroxides
• What is the word equation for acids reacting with metal oxides?

  Acid + Metal Oxide --> Salt + Water
• What is the word equation for acids reacting with metal hydroxides?

  Acid + Metal Hydroxide --> Salt + Water
• What salt will be produced by hydrochloric acid and copper oxide?

  Copper chloride
• What makes potassium sulfate?

  Sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide
• What does nitric acid and sodium hydroxide make?

  Sodium nitrate
• What solution does a metal carbonate make when dissolved in water?

  A base
• What is the word equation for acids and metal carbonates reacting?

  Acid + Metal Carbonate --> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
• Can soluble salts be made from insoluble bases?

  Yes
• How do you make soluble salts from an insoluble base?

  • Pick the right acid and base such as an insoluble metal oxide like hydroxide or carbonate
  • Gently warm the dilute acid with a bunsen burner then turn the flame off
  • Add the base a bit at a time until no more reacts
  • Filter out the excess solid to get the salt solution
  • To get crystals, gently heat the solution with a water bath or electric heater to evaporate some water and leave it to cool
  • Crystals should form, filter them out and dry them
• What is crystallisation?


  The process of producing salt crystals from an aqueous solution