INHERITANCE AND GENOME

• what is DNA made of

  nucleic acids
• where is DNA found in cells

  in the nucleus
• what is the condensed form of DNA

  chromosomes
• what is a gene


  section of DNA that codes for a characteristic
• what is the structure of DNA


  double helix, backbone, bases

  
• double helix


  looks like a twisted ladder, in a spiral shape called double helix
• DNA backbone


  two strands form the uprights, supports the base pairs but do not carry the genetic info
• the DNA bases


  tyoe of chemical, and part of DNA that carries genetic info

  
  

  AT CG
• A


  adenine
• T


  thynine
• C


  cytosine
• G


  guanine
• alleles


  alternative versions of a gene
• dominant allele


  An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.

  
• recessive allele


  An allele that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present

  
• genotype


  genetic makeup of an organism

  
• phenotype


  An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.

  
• how many chromosomes do we have

  46 (23 pairs)
• punnet square

  
• carrier


  A person who has one recessive allele for a trait, but does not have the trait.
• cystic fibrosis


  a genetic disorder that is caused by a recessive allele
• polydactyly


  extra fingers or toes caused by a dominant allele
• genome


  all of an organism's genetic material
• what does DNA stand for

  deeoxyribonnucleic acid