Finals

• Why digital transformation is important

  • Customer experience - easy to use app, a seamless transaction, good customer, or fast delivery
  • Employee experience - help organizations provide not only people need but also instant to everything they need from anywhere
  • Process optimization - streamlined workflows, digital processes, and automated tasks
  • Product digitization - creates an agile infrastructure necessary to constantly innovate and adapt to rapid changeand consumer demands
• Spreadsheet


  A program that displays data (text & numbers) in a table called a worksheet
• Spreadsheet

  • Prepare budgets
  • Financial statements
  • Inventory management
  • Create charts
• Worksheet


  A grid with columns & rows; the term worksheet is used interchangeably with spreadsheet
• Cell


  The intersection of a row and column
• Things that can be typed into a cell

  • Label = words or letters
  • Value = numbers
  • Formula – statement that performs a calculation
• Cell range


  A group of cells that are closely together
• Columns


  Vertical arrangements of cells; identified by letters
• Rows


  Horizontal arrangement of cells; identified by numbers
• Worksheet tab


  A tab that identifies each open worksheet in a spreadsheet program, located in the lower left corner of the screen
• Cell Address (Reference)


  A column letter & row number combination, such as A1, B2
• Name box


  Displays the name of the active cell or range
• Formula bar


  Displays the data or formula stored in the active cell
• Active cell


  The cell in which you are currently working (normally the cell is surrounded by a black border)
• Function


  A built-in formula that is a shortcut for common calculations such as addition and average
• Keying a formula

  Combine numbers, cell addresses (references), Operation symbols and/or functions
• Order of Operations

  • Parentheses
  • Exponents
  • Multiplication
  • Division
  • Addition
  • Subtraction
• Column width tool


  Tool that changes the width of the columns on a spreadsheet
• Row height tool


  Tool that changes the height of rows on a spreadsheet
• Fill Handle Tool


  Used to copy data & formulas to another cell; and create a series
• Auto Sum Tool


  Automatically creates a formula to add a series of numbers in a spreadsheet
• Chart


  Graphic representations used to compare & contrast worksheet data
• Sorting


  Organizing or rearranging data in either ascending or descending order
• Sorting

  • Sort Ascending – arranges records from A to Z or smallest to largest
  • Sort Descending – arranges records from Z to A or largest to smallest
• Technological change


  A process of invention, commercialization and improvement of technology
• Types of inventions


  • Scientific-technological (including medicine)
  • Sociopolitical (including economics and law)
  • Humanistic or cultural
• Scientific-technological inventions


  • Railroads, aviation, vaccination, hybridization, antibiotics, astronautics, holography, the atomic bomb, computing, the Internet, and the smartphone
• Commercialization


  The process of introducing a new product or production method into commerce—making it available on the market
• Consumerization


  When technologies become consumer goods, as for example when computers went from the laboratory to the enterprise and then to the home, pocket, or body
• How technology helps us


  • Communication
  • Health
  • Education
  • Business and Commerce
• Combinatorial technology innovation


  Leveraging existing or emerging technologies in an innovative way
• Disruptive technology


  An innovation that significantly alters the way that consumers, industries, or businesses operate
• Technology diffusion


  The process by which new technologies are adopted for use across individual firms or households in a given market, and across different markets
• Types of technological change


  • Radical change
  • Episodical change
  • Continuous change
  • Emergent change
  • Anticipated change
  • Entrepreneurial change
  • Opportunity-based change
• Advantages of new technology in the workplace


  • Speed, efficiency, and agility
  • Storage and sharing
  • Mobility and remote connectivity
  • Automation
  • Communication
• Impact of technology change


  • Isolation
  • Depression and anxiety
  • Eyestrain
  • Poor posture
  • Sleep problems
  • Reduced physical activity
• Sociopolitical inventions

  New laws, institutions, and procedures that change modes of social behavior and establish new forms of human interaction and organization.
• Humanistic inventions

  Encompass culture in its entirety and are as transformative and important as any in the sciences, although people tend to take them for granted.
• Big Data


  Refers to the large, diverse sets of information that grow at ever-increasing rates
• Big data


  High-volume, velocity, and variety information assets that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of information processing for enhanced insight and decision making