Science 7

• Latitude


  The horizontal lines found in the globe

  
• Equator


  The great circle that is halfway between the Northern and Southern Hemisphere
• The latitude of the equator is 0°
• Latitude


  • The greatest possible latitude found in the globe is 90° N and 90° S
• Countries located within or near the Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn


  Experience a tropical climate
• Northern temperate zone


  The latitude between Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle
• Locating latitude on a globe

  1. Begin with the equator (0°)

  2. Measure north or south from the equator

  
• The closer the latitude to the equator, the warmer the climate
• The closer the latitude to the poles, the colder the climate
• Lines of latitude


  • They are parallel to the equator and to each other
  • They form circles that are smaller at the poles
  • They do not meet or intersect at the poles
• Equator


  The great circle around the Earth that is equidistant from the geographic poles and lies in a plane perpendicular to the Earth's axis. It divides the Earth halfway into the Northern and Southern hemispheres at 0 degrees latitude and forms the imaginary reference line.
• Latitude


  The measurement on a globe or map of a place north or south of the equator. It is measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds. The greatest possible latitudes are 90° N and 90° S.

  
• Equidistant circles are plotted and drawn parallel to the equator and each other. These are known as the parallels, or parallels of latitude.
• Special names of latitude lines


  • Equator (0°)
  • Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N)
  • Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
  • Arctic Circle (66.5°N)
  • Antarctic Circle (66.5°S)
• Tropics


  The part of the world between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. Countries in this zone experience a tropical climate where the annual average temperature is above 18°C.
• Northern temperate zone


  The area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle.
• Southern temperate zone


  The area between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle.
• Polar regions/Frigid zones


  The areas within the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle. Temperatures never go above 10°C, it is cold all year round.
• The closer the latitude is to the equator


  The warmer the climate
• The closer the latitude is to the poles


  The colder the climate
• There is a relationship between the latitude of a place and the climate it experiences
• The globe does not show all lines of latitude. If you wish to find 50°N, you should look between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle.
• Map


  A two-dimensional drawing which can be used on flat surfaces and is easily carried.
• Globe


  A three-dimensional representation of the spherical shape of Earth.

  
• Maps and globes have undergone modifications to represent Earth better.

  
• Geographic coordinate system


  The imaginary horizontal and vertical lines that form a grid to determine the locations of different places on Earth.

  
• The geographic coordinate system does not exist but it was drawn as a numerical reference.
• Most maps usually draw these lines apart at a 15º interval.
• Parallels of latitude


  The lines that run horizontally from east to west, parallel to each other.
• Latitudes do not meet or intersect.
• Equator


  The latitude which cuts the Earth in half, dividing it into northern and southern hemispheres at 0 degrees latitude.
• The degree of latitude increases as it approaches the two poles which are read as 90°N and 90°S.
• The Philippines is considered a tropical country due to its location between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, where the annual average temperature is above 18°C.
• The latitude of some areas in the Philippines are: Isabela (around 17°N), Nueva Vizcaya (around 16°N), Quezon (around 14°N), Iloilo (around 11°N), Samar (around 12°N), Palawan (around 10°N), Zamboanga Sibugay (around 7°N), Misamis Oriental (around 8°N), Compostela Valley (around 7°N), North Cotabato (around 7°N).
• Mattheus was asked by his science teacher on how to measure the lines of latitude. He answered to always begin at the poles. Is he correct about his answer?
• In a report presented by Ethan, he explained that the Philippines experiences a tropical climate for it is just nearly above the equator. Do you think Ethan is correct about his explanation?
• Latitude


  • 0°
  • 23.5°N
  • 23.5°S
  • 66.5°N
  • 66.5°S
• Longitude lines


  Lines which run from north to south
• Prime meridian


  The longitude which passes through Greenwich, England, read as 0° longitude
• Antemeridian


  The longitude opposite to the prime meridian, read as 180° longitude