21ST, LAST LESS0ON

• European literature


  Also known as Western literature, the literature written in the context of Western culture in the languages of Europe
• Oriental literature


  Also known as Middle Eastern literature, the literary expression generated in different scenarios in the Middle East, such as Mesopotamian, Chinese, Indian, Egyptian and Hebrew literature
• A fundamental aspect of literature in the Middle East is the presence of fantasy elements
• Arabic literature


  The body of written works produced in the Arabic language, with a tradition stretching back some 16 centuries
• The revelation of the Quran to the Prophet Muhammad is the foundational event in Islam, conveyed in a language of great beauty
• African literature


  Offers a unique perspective on the human experience, celebrating resilience and spirit, with mesmerizing tales that transport readers to fantastical realms
• Gems of African literature

  • Chinua Achebe (Nigeria)
  • Wole Soyinka (Nigeria)
  • Flora Nwapa (Nigeria)
• Latin American literature boom


  A period of literary flourishing in the 1960s and 70s that brought much of the area's literature to an international audience
• Famous boom authors


  • Julio Cortázar
  • Carlos Fuentes
  • Octavio Paz
  • Gabriel García Márquez
  • Mario Vargas Llosa
• Emir Rodríguez Monegal published his influential Latin American literature monthly Mundo Nuevo, which was one of the Boom's defining novels
• Other writers have traded on the Boom's success like Laura Esquivel's pastiche of magical realism in Como agua para chocolate
• Textula or Mobile Textula


  A poetry genre popularized by Frank Rivera, read on mobile phones and traced from traditional Tagalog poetry called Tanaga
• Graphic novels


  • Book-length comics that tell a single, continuous narrative from first page to last
• Chick lit


  A genre of literature that focuses on female protagonists and their romantic and professional challenges
• Flash fiction


  A type of prose narrative that takes the form of very brief, self-contained stories, with a word count ranging from 5 to 1,000 words on average, and topping out at 1,500
• Diary


  A collection of discrete accounts of a person's experiences and thoughts each day
• European literature


  Also known as Western literature, the literature written in the context of Western culture in the languages of Europe
• Oriental literature


  Also known as Middle Eastern literature, the literary expression generated in different scenarios in the Middle East, such as Mesopotamian, Chinese, Indian, Egyptian and Hebrew literature
• A fundamental aspect of literature in the Middle East is the presence of fantasy elements
• Arabic literature


  The body of written works produced in the Arabic language, with a tradition stretching back some 16 centuries
• The revelation of the Quran to the Prophet Muhammad is the foundational event in Islam, conveyed in a language of great beauty
• African literature


  Offers a unique perspective on the human experience, celebrating resilience and spirit, with mesmerizing tales that transport readers to fantastical realms
• Gems of African literature


  • Chinua Achebe (Nigeria)
  • Wole Soyinka (Nigeria)
  • Flora Nwapa (Nigeria)
• Latin American literature boom


  A period of literary flourishing in the 1960s and 70s that brought much of the area's literature to an international audience
• Famous boom authors


  • Julio Cortázar
  • Carlos Fuentes
  • Octavio Paz
  • Gabriel García Márquez
  • Mario Vargas Llosa
• Emir Rodríguez Monegal published his influential Latin American literature monthly Mundo Nuevo, which was one of the Boom's defining novels
• Other writers have traded on the Boom's success like Laura Esquivel's pastiche of magical realism in Como agua para chocolate
• Textula or Mobile Textula


  A poetry genre popularized by Frank Rivera, read on mobile phones and traced from traditional Tagalog poetry called Tanaga
• Graphic novels


  • Book-length comics that tell a single, continuous narrative from first page to last
• Chick lit


  A genre of literature that focuses on female protagonists and their romantic and professional challenges
• Flash fiction


  A type of prose narrative that takes the form of very brief, self-contained stories, with a word count ranging from 5 to 1,000 words on average, and topping out at 1,500
• The young man's pen bleeds through the resilient phrases that he had constantly fought for, relying on the fact that only a drop of ink could alter destiny. "I can handle it; I can do it for the people," he insisted as he closed his eyes upon comprehending that what had been perpetrated was beyond redemption by those whom he trusted. He won't be able to restore what was swept away by the previous generation. He had no other choice but to let things go, determining he was unable to heal anything anyway. He happens to be Dr. Rizal.
• Diary


  A collection of discrete accounts of a person's experiences and thoughts each day