Milgram's responses to criticism

• response to deception


  -without deception study couldn't have taken place

  -it did reveal surprising results

  -Ps debriefed after

  -only 1.3% reported negative feelings
• response to psychological harm criticism


  -Ps were fully debriefed

  -psychiatric examinations one year after study > no sign of psychological damage

  -stress wasn't anticipated

  -based on pre-experimental surveys he expected very high disobedience levels
• response to unable to withdraw


  -persuading Ps to remain demonstrated power of scientific establishment & authority figure

  -not physically detained

  -only 65% continued to end > showed could withdraw if determined enough