Controlling Blood Glucose

• Eating what type of food increases the glucose in the blood?

  Carbohydrates
• What is excess glucose stored as?

  Glycogen
• Where is excess glucose stored?

  Liver and muscles
• How is glucose usually removed from the blood?

  Metabolism and vigorous exercise
• What monitors and controls blood glucose?

  The pancreas
• What hormone is released when blood glucose is too high?

  Insulin
• What does insulin do?

  Makes the liver turn glucose into glycogen
• What hormone is released when blood glucose is too low?

  Glucagon
• What does glucagon do?

  Makes the liver turn glycogen into glucose
• What is type 1 diabetes?

  A disease where the pancreas produces little or no insulin which means blood glucose can rise to fatal levels
• How is type 1 diabetes treated?

  Insulin therapy which is several injection of insulin throughout the day usually at mealtimes
• How effective is insulin therapy?

  Very effective
• What does the amount of insulin required for insulin therapy depend on?

  The person's diet and how active they are
• How can type 1 diabetes be treated without insulin therapy?

  Limiting the intake of food rich in simple carbohydrates e.g. sugars and exercising regularly
• What is type 2 diabetes?

  A disease where a person becomes resistant to their own insulin
• What can increase the risk of diabetes type 2?

  Being overweight
• How can type 2 diabetes be controlled?

  Eating a carbohydrate-controlled diet and getting regular exercise