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Chemistry LR
Chemistry - Atomic structure and the periodic table.
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Created by
Dhruv Prasad
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Cards (19)
Atom
The smallest particle in the universe
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Atom
Has a nucleus
Contains protons and neutrons
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Electron
shell
Electrons
are found here
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Mass number
Tells us how many protons and neutrons there are
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Atomic number
Tells us how many
protons
there are
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The
mass number
is the
bigger
number on the periodic table
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Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
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Isotopes have a different mass
number
but the same
atomic
number
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Isotopes are different forms of the
same
element
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RAM
(Relative Atomic Mass)
(
mass
x
number
) + (
mass
x number) /
total
number
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Periodic table
Arranged in groups and periods
Rows
are
periods
,
columns
are
groups
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Electron
arrangement
Atomic number =
amount
of electrons
1st shell has space for
2
electrons, 2nd shell has space for
8
electrons, 3rd shell has space for 8 electrons
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Periods
Tell us the
number
of
electron
shells
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Groups
Tell us the number of electrons in the outer
shell
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Elements
in the same group have the same
chemical
properties
as they have the same amount of
electrons
in the
outer
shell
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Noble
gases
Inert as they do not react easily
Have
full
outer
shells
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Halogens
Diatomic molecules
Very
reactive
as it is easy to gain another electron
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Alkali metals
Only have
1
electron in their outer shell
Reactivity
increases
going down the group
Outer electron becomes
further
apart
from the
nucleus
, weakening the force of
attraction
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Alkali
metals reacting with water
1. Form hydrogen gas
2. Form an alkaline solution
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