Freud

    Cards (32)

    • Theory of Infantile Sexuality/Theory of Psychosexual Development

      According to Freud's theory, sexuality isn't confined to physically mature adults, but is evident from birth. However different parts of the body are particularly sensitive at different times during childhood.
    • Psychosexual stages

      The sequence of the psychosexual stages are determined by maturation (nature) and how the child is treated by others (nurture).
    • Freud's stages of psychosexual development

      • Oral stage: 0 – 1 year
      • Anal stage: 1 – 3 years
      • Phallic stage: 3 – 5/6 years
      • Latency stage: 5/6 years – puberty
      • Genital stage: puberty – maturity
    • Oedipus complex
      Forms part of the phallic stage for boys
    • Electra complex
      Forms part of the phallic stage for girls
    • Hans
      A cheerful and straightforward child who developed a phobia, showing a difference between what he said and what he thought
    • Sample • Little Hans (Herbert Graf ) was five years old at the time of this study. • Historical evidence starting from when Little Hans was three years old is used by Freud to support his theory of psychosexual development and the Oedipus complex
    • Research method

      • Longitudinal case study
      • Gathers detailed data of either a single individual or a very small group of individuals, an institution or an event
      • Documents developments in Hans' fears from when he was three years old until he was five
    • Freud's view

      Things were going on in Hans' unconscious mind of which he was unaware
    • Data gathering
      1. Little Hans' father regularly observing and questioning Hans
      2. Sending records of the events and conversations to Freud
      3. Freud interpreting the information and replying to Little Hans' father with advice on how to proceed
    • Little Hans
      Referred to Freud by his father, a keen supporter of Freud's work
    • Psychoanalysis
      Freud interpreted Hans' behaviour and told him why he was thinking and behaving as he was
    • Outline of the procedure/study

      1. Hans started to show a lively interest in his 'widdler' and the presence/absence of this organ in others
      2. Hans had a tendency to masturbate, bringing threats from his mother to send for Dr A. to cut it off
      3. When Hans was three and a half, he gained a baby sister, Hanna, whom he resented and subsequently, subconsciously, wished his mother would drop in the bath so she would drown
      4. Hans developed a fear of being bitten by white horses, linked to overhearing a father say "Don't put your finger to the white horse or it will bite you" and seeing a horse that was pulling a carriage fall down and kick about with its legs
      5. Hans' fear was then generalised to carts and buses
      6. Both before and after the development of the phobias (of the bath and horses), Hans was both anxious his mother would go away and prone to fantasies and daydreams, including the giraffe fantasy, two plumber fantasies, and the parenting fantasy
      7. Having received 'help' from his father and Freud, after the parenting fantasy, both the 'illness' and analysis came to an end
    • Freud's case study of Little Hans

      • Used to show how Hans' fears, dreams and fantasies were symbolic of his unconscious passing through the phallic stage of psychosexual development
      • Used to support Freud's ideas about the origins of phobias, his theory of infantile sexuality and the Oedipus complex
      • Used to support Freud's belief in the effectiveness of psychoanalytic therapy
    • Little Hans' fear of horses

      Considered by Freud as a subconscious fear of his father
    • The dark around the mouth of a horse + the blinkers

      Resembled the moustache and glasses worn by his father
    • Hans' fear of his father

      Because he was experiencing the Oedipus complex
    • Hans' fascination with his 'widdler'

      Because he was experiencing the Oedipus complex
    • Hans' daydream about giraffes
      Representation of him trying to take his mother away from his father so he could have her to himself
    • Feature of the Oedipus complex

      Hans' daydream about giraffes
    • Hans' fantasy of becoming a father again

      Linked to his experiencing the Oedipus complex
    • Hans' fantasy about the plumber

      Interpreted as him now identifying with his father
    • Little Hans' fear of horses

      Considered by Freud as a subconscious fear of his father
    • The final family fantasy

      Interpreted as the resolution of the Oedipus Complex
    • The dark around the mouth of a horse + the blinkers

      Resembled the moustache and glasses worn by his father
    • Hans' fear of his father

      Because he was experiencing the Oedipus complex
    • Hans' fascination with his 'widdler'

      Because he was experiencing the Oedipus complex
    • Hans' daydream about giraffes
      Representation of him trying to take his mother away from his father so he could have her to himself
    • Feature of the Oedipus complex
      Hans' daydream about giraffes
    • Hans' fantasy of becoming a father again

      Linked to his experiencing the Oedipus complex
    • Hans' fantasy about the plumber

      Interpreted as him now identifying with his father
    • The final family fantasy

      Interpreted as the resolution of the Oedipus Complex
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