MALE REP

• The male reproductive system consists of:

  • Testes
  • Series of ducts
  • Accessory glands
  • Supporting structures
• FUNCTION OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  • Production of gametes
  • Fertilization
  • Development and nourishment of a new individual
  • Production ofreproductive hormones
• Epididymis - coiled tube that stores sperm, located on the back surface of each testicle.
• TESTES

  • small, oval organs, each about 4–5 cm long, withinthe scrotum.
  • They function as both exocrine and endocrine glands.
  • major exocrine secretion is sperm cells
  • major endocrine secretion is the hormone testosterone.
• DUCTS

  • Epididymides (sing. Epididymis)
  • Vas deferens (ducta deferentia/ductus deferens)
  • urethra
• Epididymis

  •  Function: accumulation, storage and maturation of spermatozoa
• Vas deferens (Ductus Deferens)


   Pathway and carries mature sperm from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
• Urethra

  • passageway for both urine and male reproductive fluids.
  • Prostatic urethra – transitional epithelium
  • Membranous urethra – stratified squamous
  • Spongy urethra – stratified columnar
• Accessory glands

  •  Seminal vesicles
  •  Prostate gland
  •  Bulbourethral glands (Cowper Glands)
• Seminal Vesicles

  •  Found adjacent to ampulla (enlarged ending of ductus deferens)
  • secrete 50–70% of the total volume of seminal fluid.
  • Secrete fructose and prostaglandins (seminal fluids)
• Prostate Gland

  • Doughnut-shaped gland that encirclespart of the urethra inferior to the bladder
  •  Helps buffer the acidic environment that sperm encounter in the female

  reproductive tract.

  •  Secrete prostate fluid that helps in  lubrication and nutrition of sperm and

  helps to neutralize the acidic vaginal environment
• Bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands)

  • Pea-sized glands inferior to the prostate
  •  Mucous glands that empty into the spongy urethra
  •  Produces mucous before ejaculation: lubricates the urethra neutralizes the contents of the normally acidic spongy urethra provides a small amount of lubrication during intercourse helps reduce vaginal acidity.
• Supporting structures

  • Scrotum
  •  Penis
• SCROTUM

  • Saclike structure that contains the testes.
  • dartos muscle & cremaster muscles
  • Their response to such conditions (too warm or too cool) helps sperm cells (temperature-sensitive) to normally develop.
  • Cold temperature - contracts > firm and wrinkled > near the body > to keep warm
  • High temperature - relaxes > loose and thin > descend away > to keep cool
• Penis

  • A copulatory organ designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract
  •  Consists of an attached root and a free shaft that ends in the glans penis
  • Prepuce, or foreskin
  • Cuff of skin covering the glans penis
  • Circumcision: surgical removal of the foreskin after birth
• The penis consists of erectile tissue.

  • The two corpora cavernosa form the dorsum and the sides of the penis.
  • The corpus spongiosum forms the ventral part and the glans penis.

  Semen

  • Milky white, sticky mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions
  • Provides a transport medium andnutrients (fructose), protects and activates sperm, and facilitates their movement (prostaglandin)
• IT COVERS THE GLANS PENIS AND BEING CUT DURING CIRCUMCISION


  PREPUCE
• THE FEMALE ORGAN OF COPULATION

  vagina
• THE MAJOR ENDOCRINE SECRETION OF TESTES

  TESTOSTERONE
• HELPS IN CONTRACTIONS IN MUSCLES OF FEMALE'S REPRODUCTIVE TRACT AND SO AID THE MOVEMENT OF SPERM THROUGH IT TOWARD THE EGG

  MYOMETRIUM
• IT FACILITATE THE MIGRATION OF SPERMATOZOA FROM VAGINA TO UTERINE CAVITY

  CERVIX
• THE 2 LABIA MAJORA UNITE ANTERIORLY AT AN ELEVATION OF TISSUE OVER THE PUBIC SYMPHISIS CALLED THE

  MONS PUBIS
• WIDEST AND LONGEST PART OF THE UTERINE TUBE AND ACCOUNTS FOR 7.5-8 CM OF THE TOTAL 10 CM LENGTH OF THE TUBE AND THIS IS WHERE FERTILIZATION USUALLY OCCURS

  AMPULLA
• SECRETES FLUID THAT HELPS IN LUBRICATION AND NUTRITION OF SPERM AND HELPS TO NEUTRALIZE THE ACIDIC VAGINAL ENVIRONMENT

  PROSTATE GLAND
• IN A WOMAN WHO HAS NEVER BEEN PREGNANT, IT IS ABOUT THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF A PEAR

  uterus
• WHAT COLUMN OF PENIS FORMS THE VENTRAL PART AND GLANS PENIS

  CORPUS SPONGIOSUM