Muscles

• Muscles of the Scalp


  • Frontalis
  • Occipitalis
  • Temporalis
• Frontalis


  Scalp muscle that raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles in the forehead
• Epicranius (occipitofrontalis)


  Broad muscle that covers the top of the skull, with two parts: occipitalis and frontalis
• Occipitalis


  Muscle that draws the scalp backward
• Muscles of the Eyebrow


  • Corrugator
  • Orbicularis oculi
  • Levator palpebrae superioris
• Corrugator


  Muscle located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi, draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
• Orbicularis oculi


  Ring muscle of the eye socket, closes the eyes
• Levator palpebrae superioris


  Controls the eyelid, can be easily damaged during makeup application
• Muscles of the Nose


  • Procerus
  • Nasalis
• Procerus


  Lowers the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose
• Nasalis


  Two-part muscle that covers the nose, includes the transverse part and the alar part which flair the nostrils
• Muscles of the Mouth


  • Buccinator
  • Triangularis (depressor anguli oris)
  • Mentalis
  • Orbicularis oris
  • Levator anguli oris
  • Risorius
  • Levator labii superioris
  • Zygomaticus major and minor
• Buccinator


  Thin, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips, as in when blowing a whistle
• Triangularis (depressor anguli oris)


  Muscle extending alongside the chin that pulls down the corners of the mouth
• Mentalis


  Muscle that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin
• Orbicularis oris


  Flat band around the upper and lower lips that compresses, contracts, puckers, and wrinkles the lips
• Levator anguli oris


  Muscle associated with smiling
• Risorius


  Muscle that draws the corners of the mouth out and back when grinning
• Levator labii superioris


  Muscle associated with lifting the wings of the nose and upper lip, sometimes called the quadratus labii superioris
• Zygomaticus major and minor


  Muscles extending from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth that elevate the lip, as in laughing
• Muscles of Mastication (Chewing)


  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
• Muscles of the Ear

  • Auricularis superior
  • Anterior auricularis
  • Auricularis posterior
• Auricularis muscles


  Work together to move the ear upward, forward or backward
• Muscles of the Neck

  • Platysma
  • Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
• Platysma


  Broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin, responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip
• Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)


  Muscle extending alongside of the neck from the ear to the collarbone, acts to rotate the head from side to side and up and down
• Muscles Attaching the Arms to the Body


  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Pectoralis major
  • Pectoralis minor
• Latissimus dorsi


  Large, flat, triangular muscle that covers the lower back, comes up from the lower half of the vertebral column and iliac crest and narrows to a rounded tendon attached to the front of the upper part of the humerus
• Pectoralis major and minor


  Muscles of the chest that assist the swinging movements of the arm
• Muscles of the Shoulder and Arm


  • Trapezius
  • Biceps
  • Deltoid
  • Triceps
• Trapezius


  Muscle that covers the back of the neck, shoulders, and upper and middle region of the back; shrugs shoulders; and stabilizes the scapula
• Biceps


  Muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm; they lift the forearm, flex the elbow, and turn the palms outward
• Deltoid


  Large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and to the side of the body
• Triceps


  Large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends the forearm
• Abduction


  Muscles that draw a body part away from the midline of the body or of an extremity
• Adduction


  Muscles that draw a body part inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity
• Flexion


  Muscles move to pull the body part toward the core of the body
• Extension


  Muscles straighten, forming a straight line
• Pronate


  Muscles turn inward, e.g. palm faces downward
• Supinate


  Muscles rotate, e.g. radius turns outward and palm upward