identification tests

• test for sulfate ions

  -acidify with HCL

  -add BaCl

  forms a white precipitate (BaSO4)

  
• Test for a carbonate

  -Add dilute HCl

  effervescence, turns limewater cloudy
• Test for OH-

  -damp red litmus paper

  turns from red -> blue
• Halide ions

  1. acidify with HNO3
  2. add AgNO3, forms:
  3. add conc and dilute NH3