Science Exam - Energy

• Energy


  The ability to do work
• Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can only be converted from one form to another
• Types of energy


  • Kinetic energy
  • Potential energy
• Kinetic energy


  The energy associated with the object's motion
• Kinetic energy formula


  K.E = 1/2 mv^2
• Types of kinetic energy


  • Radiant energy
  • Thermal energy
  • Sound energy
  • Electrical energy
  • Mechanical energy
• Radiant energy


  Energy that travels by waves or particles, such as heat and light
• Thermal energy


  Energy experienced as heat or warmth, related to the activity level of atoms and molecules
• Sound energy


  Energy associated with vibrations that reach the human ear as sound
• Electrical energy


  Energy associated with the flow of negatively charged electrons around a circuit
• Mechanical energy


  Energy associated with the mechanical movement of objects
• Potential energy


  Energy stored in an object or system of objects
• Potential energy formula


  Potential Energy = m x g x h
• Mechanical energy formula


  Mechanical Energy = 1/2 mv^2 + mgh
• Types of potential energy


  • Gravitational potential energy
  • Elastic potential energy
  • Chemical potential energy
  • Electric potential energy
• Gravitational potential energy


  Energy stored in an object due to its vertical position or height
• Elastic potential energy


  Energy stored as a result of applying a force to deform an elastic object
• Chemical potential energy


  Energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance
• Electric potential energy


  Energy needed to move a charge against an electric field
• Energy conversion


  The process of energy changing from one form to another
• Ways energy can be transferred


  • Mechanically
  • Electrically
  • By radiation
  • By heating
• The total amount of energy does not change during energy conversion - this is called energy conservation
• Law of conservation of energy


  In a closed system, the total energy of the system is conserved
• Energy transformation


  The process which results in the energy changing from one form to another
• Energy can be transformed or transferred, but the total amount of energy does not change – this is called energy conservation
• Law of conservation of energy


  One of physics's basic laws, it governs the microscopic motion of individual atoms in a chemical reaction. It states that in a closed system, the total energy of the system is conserved
• Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to another
• Law of conservation of energy


  • Energy is conserved even though energy transformation occurs
• Ways energy can be stored


  • Chemical energy in a battery
  • Gasoline
  • Natural gas
  • Food
  • Water towers
  • Wound-up alarm clock
  • Thermos flask with hot water
• Kinetic energy


  Energy possessed by an object due to its motion
• Potential energy


  Energy possessed by an object due to its position
• Mechanical energy


  Sum of kinetic and potential energy
• Electrical energy


  Energy possessed by an object due to its electrical charge