Chapter 5

• Stimulus Substitution Theory: Conditioned Stimulus acts as a substitute for Unconditioned Stimulus ( US Replaces CS)
• Preparatory-Response Theory of Conditioning: The Controlled Response prepares the organism for the presentation of the Unconditioned Stimulus (US Prepares CS)
• Compensatory-Response Model:

  1. a conditioned response
  2. compensatory to the stimulus

  People who always get high in one space have a high likelihood to overdosing in a new space
• Drug Tolerance: the Brain shuts down some dopamine pathways, causing less dopamine, so you need more drugs to maintain homeostasis
• Emotional Dependence: Normal Dopamine highs do not ellicite highs from drug users
• Physical Dependence: Need for the drug as to maintain normality in someone
• Rescorla-Wagner Theory: The idea that there is a finite amount of classical conditioning that can occur with one UCS, More intense stimulus will produce greater conditioned response
• Over expectation effect: Multiple CS weaken the Conditioning of the following CS
• Overshadowing: which stimulus is most intense
• Blocking: which stimulus was the first (prior experience)
• US Revaluation: exposure to a US in different intensities to strengthen the older Conditioned Stimulus
• Incubation: strengthening of a conditioned fear response as a result of a exposed to an aversive CS
• Selective Sensitization: increasing one's reactivity to potential fear stimulus following exposer
• Classical Conditioning for Phobias:

  • Systematic Desensitization (slow warming up to the idea)
  • Flooding (all at once)
  • Hybrid uses both, slowly warming up, with a end of all at once
• Aversion therapy: to get yourself to stop using that behaviour

  Covert Sensitization --> Imagination
• Conditioned Allergic Reactions: the mere sight of a harmless object can trigger an allergic reaction
• Placebo effect: tricking your body into thinking you are receiving help but the treatment is inactive