Waves in communication

• Waves generally start with a disturbance.

  Waves transfer energy from one place to another, but without causing any net movement of material.
• A wave travels one wavelength during its periodic time.

  -> Frequency = 1 / Periodic time
• Wave speed (V) = Frequency (f) x Wave length (λ)
• Transverse waves

  Oscillate perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

  Examples: Light waves, water waves, electromagnetic waves.
• Longitudinal waves

  Oscillate parallel to the direction of energy transfer.

  Examples: Sound waves, Seismic waves.