medicine

• Medieval


  Period from 1250-1500
• Causes of disease in the medieval period

  • God
  • Miasma
  • Astrology
  • 4 humours
• Treatments in the medieval period

  • Purging
  • Herbal remedies
  • Popping buboes
  • Prayers
• Prevention methods in the medieval period

  • Clean streets
  • Lit fires
  • Lucky charms
• Care in the medieval period

  • 1100 hospitals for the elderly
  • Church controlled hospitals
  • Dissections banned
• Hippocrates


  Proposed the theory of 4 humours (blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile) that need to be in balance for rationality
• Galen


  Proposed the theory of opposites
• Treatments in Renaissance


  1. Transference

  2. Herbal remedies

  3. Purging
• Prevention in Renaissance


  1. Streets clean

  2. Kill cats + dogs

  3. No foreigners
• Pesthouse


  Place for illness
• Sydenham


  • Humanist movement > think for themselves no irrational beliefs
• Vesalius


  • Public dissections, observe body
  • Published book ('Fabric of the human body')
• Harvey


  • Blood circulation & set better understanding of anatomy
• Causes in Renaissance

  • miasma
  • transference
• Renaissance


  Period of time from 1500-1700
• Industrial - Treatment


  1. Remove germs

  2. Sanitation

  3. Chloroform
• Anaesthetics

  • Easier surgery
  • Carbolic acid antiseptic
  • Sanitation & decrease infection
• Industrial - Prevention

  1. Vaccine (Smallpox and cowpox)

  2. Clean water
• Care - 5 hospitals left due to Henry, wealthy, donated so there was more
• Koch - Industrial


  • Found specific bacteria that caused diseases
  • Further development for what caused disease
• Pasteur - Industrial


  • Germ theory -> bacteria caused disease
• Nightingale - Industrial


  • Sanitation -> reduce risk of infection -> cleaner hospitals
  • Changed death rate from 40% - 2% in Crimean War
  • Started nursing schools
• Simpson - Industrial 


  • Anaesthetic -> chloroform -> made surgeries safer -> not right dosage = death
• Lister - Industrial


  • Carbolic acid -> antiseptic -> clean -> reduce infection
• Jenner - Industrial 


  • Vaccines -> became compulsory -> smallpox and cowpox vaccine
  • Created first ever vaccine
• Snow - Industrial 


  • Stopped cholera -> broad street water pump
  • Plotted his discoveries on a map -> to locate the infected water pump