percentages

• what did Geiselman et al. find about the cognitive interview

  - significant increase in correct items and slight decrease in made up items

  - 95% accurate recall
• what did Köhnken et al. find about the cognitive interview

  - meta-analysis of 53 studies

  - cognitive increased recall on average by 34%
• what did Fisher et al. find about the cognitive interview

  - cognitive produced 90% accuracy of recall overall

  - 49% more than standard
• which group performed worse in Baddeley's LTM coding study

  - ppts in group C (semantically similar words)

  - recall of 55%

  - they confused words which had similar meaning
• which group performed worse in Baddeley's STM coding study

  - ppts in group A (acoustically similar words)

  - recalling only 10%

  - they confused similar sounding words
• what did Peterson and Peterson find about the duration of STM

  - 90% of the trigrams were recalled correctly after 3 seconds

  - correct recall decreased to 5% after 18 seconds
• what did Bahrick et al. find about the duration of LTM

  - those who left school in the last 15 years identified 90% of faces and names

  - those who left 48 years before identified 80%
• what did Godden and Baddeley find about context-dependant forgetting

  ppts who recalled the words in the same environment they learnt them had a recall 40% higher than those who recalled the words in a different environment to the one they learnt them in
• what did Gabbert et al. find about post-event discussion on EWT


  71% of ppts mistakenly recalled elements of the clip that they hadn't directly observed but were discussed by their partner

  - 0% false recall of the clip in control group
• what age groups are most and least accurate when giving EWT

  age groups 18-25 and 35-45 were more accurate than people 55-78 years old
• what did Johnson and Scott find about anxiety affecting EWT

  following the scenario the ppts were asked to identify the man from a selection of 50 photos

  - 49% ppts in condition 1 accurately identified the man

  - 33% ppts in condition 2 correctly identified him
• what was the average conformity rate in Asch's study

  37% with 75% conforming at least once

  - control group where ppt's gave their answers alone w/o the presence of confederates had a 0.04% conformity rate
• what happened to conformity when group size increased

  conformity to the wrong answer rose to 32%

  - majority of 3 confederates was enough to have an influence
• what happened to conformity when unanimity increased

  conformity reduced by a ¼ of original study
• what percentage of ppts obeyed in Milgram's study

  100% went to 300V

  65% went to 450V - even without a response from learner on the presumption they were dead
• what happened to obedience when proximity to learner decreased

  decreased to 40%
• what happened to obedience when proximity to teacher increased

  decreased to 21%
• what happened to obedience when the teachers uniform changed

  decreased to 20%
• what happened to obedience when the location changed

  decreased to 48%
• how many ppts in Milgram's study did he say believed the shocks were genuine

  75%
• how many ppts did a researcher say actually believe the shocks were real and how many ppts did they say disobeyed


  - only half

  - 70% disobeyed the experimenter
• what percentage of ppts did a researcher find disobeyed when placed in groups to complete a replication of Milgram's study

  88% disobeyed
• what where the findings of Moscovici et al. study

  - 8.2% in the consistent group responded with green

  - 1.25% responded incorrectly in the inconsistent group
• what did the prevalence of reported driving after drinking reduce to after the 'most montana young adults don't drink and drive' campaign

  13.7% compared to countries that didn't run the campaign
• what percentage of the sample were securely attached in the strange situation

  66%
• what percentage of the sample had insecure-avoidant attachments in the strange situation

  22%
• what percentage of the sample had insecure-resistant attachments in the strange situation

  12%
• what did Bick et al. find about the reliability of the strange situation

  observers agreed on attachment types 94% of the time
• what did Takahashi find when he replicated the strange situation on Japanese infants

  - none of the infants were insecure-avoidant

  - 32% insecure-resistant

  - 68% secure

  
  

  - 90% infant-alone steps had to be stopped due to excessive infant anxiety
• what did Zeanah et al. find (Bucharest early intervention project)

  - 19% institutionalised securely attached

  - 74% control securely attached

  
  

  - 44% institutionalised had disinhibited attachment

  - 20% control had disinhibited attachment
• what percentage of the population experience symptoms of mental disorders to some degree (failure to function)

  25%
• what did a researcher find about dental phobics

  - 73% of dental phobics had experienced a trauma involving dentistry

  - control group of people with low dental anxiety where only 21% had experienced a related traumatic event
• what did a study on ___ depressed adolescents find about the effectiveness of CBT

  327 ppts - after 36 weeks:

  - 81% of the CBT group

  - 81% of the antidepressant group

  - 86% of the combination group were significantly improved
• what has research found about the relapse rates after CBT

  assessed people with depression for 12 months following a course of CBT and found that

  - 42% released within six months of ending treatment

  - 53% within a year relapsed
• what concordance rates for MZ and DZ twins did Billet et al. find for OCD

  - 68% of MZ twins shared OCD

  - 31% of DZ
• what did a review of 17 studies find about the effectiveness of SSRIs

  symptoms typically reduced for 70% of ppts when given SSRIs