COMM SKILLS

• Communication


  The exchange of meaning with consequent change in attitude and behavior
• Communication


  A process of transmitting a message so that the recipient understands it
• Communication


  The process of understanding and sharing meaning
• Objectives of Communication


  • To be accepted by others
  • To be understood by others
  • To understand others
  • To influence other's attitudes and behavior
• Functions of Communication


  • To inform
  • To instruct/educate
  • To entertain
  • To advocate
  • To persuade
  • To question
  • To clarify
  • To influence
• Verbal Communication


  The exchange of meaning using language
• Types of Verbal Communication

  • Oral (Spoken) communication
  • Written communication
• Oral (Spoken) Communication


  The sharing of meaning, ideas or information, with the use of speech (spoken words)
• Forms of Oral Communication

  • Interpersonal communication
  • Indirect oral communication
• Written Communication


  Essential for communicating complicated information, such as statistics or other data, which would not be easily communicated through speech alone
• Written Communication


  Allows information to be recorded so that it can be referred to at a later date or time
• Effective Written Communication


  • Clear and concise
  • Conveys necessary information using concise, grammatically correct language, without using more words than are needed (word economy)
  • Legible (easily seen)
  • Readable (easily read)
  • Comprehensible (easily understood)
• Characteristics of Effective Verbal Communication

  • Clarity
  • Accuracy
  • Completeness
  • Concreteness
  • Correct and appropriate style
  • Organisation
• Types of Non-Verbal Communication

  • Visual communication
  • Paralanguage
  • Kinesics
  • Proxemics
  • Chronemics
  • Olfactics
  • Oculesics
  • Haptics
  • Gustorics
• Visual Communication


  Communication through the use of images
• Paralanguage


  Sharing of meaning using: vocal tones and word stress; sounds; voice inflection, projection and intensity; the use of pauses and silence
• Kinesics


  The scientific study of body movements used in communication, commonly known as 'body language'
• Proxemics


  The study of the cultural, behavioral, and sociological aspects of spatial distances between individuals
• Interpersonal Distance Zones


  • Intimate Zone (less than half a metre)
  • Personal Zone (about ½ to 1 ½ metres)
  • Social Zone (about 1 ½ to 4 metres)
  • Public Zone (about 4 to 8 metres)
• Chronemics


  The study of the use of time in nonverbal communication
• Monochronic Culture


  Structures various activities based on the notion of time which is believed to be concrete, linear (from A to B), and universal and as such, is expected to be complied with by the other party
• Polychronic Culture


  Structures various activities based on interpersonal relationships with people and views time as cyclic (A-B-C-A-B-C...) and relative
• Non-verbal components of a message contribute more than 50% of message impact, i.e. resulting in attitude and behavioral change