Notes ARCHANTH

• Cultural Ecology


  How adaptation to the environment drives culture change
• Typology


  Systematic organizing of artifacts into types
• New Archaeology


  Developed in 1960's, scientific framework for archaeology focused on interpretation rather than description
• Abstract


  Simplified or schematic representations
• Terminus


  Fixed calendar date
• Findspot


  Site, locale, and other context of where an object was found
• Provenance


  History of findspot and ownership
• Rescue Archaeology/Cultural Resource Management

  The recording of sites in advance of infrastructure development
• Chronology types


  • Relative - dating in reference to other works
  • Absolute - dating in reference to a specific year
• Representation types


  • Realistic - as in life, including imperfections
  • Idealized - not including imperfections
  • Naturalistic - life-like in appearance
• Post-positivist


  Rejects the emphasis of scientific method in processual archaeology
• Phenomenological


  Places emphasis on how individuals interact with and understand the material world
• Neo-marxist


  Commitment of archaeologist to use insights into past to change the present society
• Terminus ad/ ante/ post quem


  Date at/ before/ after something was made