INDUS VALLEY

• 3330 BCE - PEOPLE STARTED SETTLING IN VILLAGES BY THE RIVER ALONG THE INDUS VALLEY
• 2500 BCE - PLANNED CITIES SUCH AS HARRAPA AND MOHENJO-DARO WERE BUILT FROM THIS TIME
• 1900 BCE - TRADE WITH MESOPOTAMIA DECLINED AND INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION BEGAN TO DECLINES WITH GRADUALLY BEING ABANDONED
• 1500 BCE-FOREIGNERS SETTLED IN THE INDUS VALLEY ACCORDING TO THE RIG VEDA
• 1826 CE - A BRITISH TRAVELLER CHALES MASON NOTICED THE RUINS OF HARRAPA
• 1856 CE - BRITISH RAILWAY ENGINEERS USED MUD BRICK FROM HARRAPA TO BUILD THEIR RAILWAY
• 1921 CE - EXCAVATION OF INDUS VALLEY RUINS BEGAN
• ARCHEOLOGISTS EVIDENCE POINTS TO INDUS VALLEY BEING A VERY PEACEFUL AND LONG-LASTING CIVILIZATION
• THE CIVILIZATION MAY HAVE ENDED BEACAUSE OF WAR OR CLIMATE CHANGE OR DISTURPTED TRADE
• INDUS VALLEY PEOPLE USED MADE THEIR BRICKS BY POURING A MIX OF SOIL , CLAY AND WATER INTO A WOODEN MOLD
• SEALS WITH PICTURE OF ANIMALS TO SHOW THAT IT WAS TAXED
• ARTEFACTS - DICE,JEWELLRY, GAMES, TOY CARTS ,ANIMALS , TOYS ON WHEELS
• PEOPLE WERE BURIED INDIVISIUALLY IN GRAVES ALONG WITH CLAY POTS , CLAY FIGURES AND BEADS
• THESE SETTLEMENTS WERE BUILT ON A GRID-SYSTEM WHICH DRAINS,ROADS,SEWERS A LARGE TEN-METRE STREET PASSED THROUGH THE MIDDLE OF EACH SETTLEMENT ,WIDE ENOUGH FOR TWO ELEPHANTS OR TWO BULLOCK CARTS TO PASS EACH OTHER AT THE SAME TIMW THERE WERE DRAINS ALONG THE STREETS
• THEORY A- is that aryans invaded indus valley and war broke out which is why it declined
• THEORY B - THE TRADE WITH MESOPOTAMIA STOPPED
• THEORY C- THE CLIMATE CHANGED AND THEY MOVED
• RAHMINS WERE PRIESTS AND SCHOLARS
• KSHATRIYAS -REPRESENT THE WARRIORS
• VAISHYAS - THEY ARE FREE MERCHANTS ,TRADERS AND FARMERS
• BRAHMIN CASTE GOT POWER FROM REINCARNATION BY LINKING SOCIAL STATUS TO KARMA