BIOLOGY

• Cell membrane - The outermost layer of the cell that separates it from its environment and regulates what enters and exits the cell.
• The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
• meiois


  diploid double-stranded chromosome to haploid double-stranded chromosome to haploid single-stranded chromosome
• cells divide for


  reproduction, growth & development, repair
• interphase -preparatory stage
• cytokinesis -separation phase
• G1 Phase - Cell grows and prepares for DNA replication by synthesizing proteins and organelles needed during S phase.
• mitosis


  2 identical daughter cells
• meiosis


  4 haploid daughter cells
• mitosis - same number of chromosomes pero 2 cells
• meiosis - half number of chromosomes pero 4 cells
• after meiosis cell count is inversely proportional to number of chromosome
• yes if may centromere

  can 1 sister chromatid be called chromosome?
• component of cell wall for plans - cellulose
• no but they have Microtubule organizing centers


  do plants have centrosome?
• ribosome


  protein factories
• centrosome


  organize microtubules during interphase
• oocyte


  immature ovum
• prophase 1


  genetic recombination and exchange of genetic material
• chiasma


  site where crossing over happens
• synapsis


  process where homologous pair up and lign closely
• synaptonemal complex


  protein that zip homologous pairs
• pituitary and hypothalamus 


  what organs or gland control menstration
• day 14


  peak fertile in girls
• lysosome


  head of sperm is full of lysosome
• spermatid


  immature spermatozoa
• 3 polar bodies : 1 ovum


  oogenesis product
• polar bodies die in oogenesis because of unequal division of cytoplasm
• ribosome


  translates mrna to functional proteins
• omnis cellula e cellulae


  rudolf virchow
• matthias jakob schleiden 


  german botanist knew animals are made up of cell
• antonie van leeuwenhoek


  father of microbiology because damo na discover na cell sa iya nga microscope
• robert hooke


  discovered cells and coined the term cell
• concave and planar


  mirrors in microsope
• iris diaphragm


  regulates amount of life
• more magnification, less field
• condenser


  concentrates light from source to specimen
• m checkpoint


  spindle checkpoint
• cells with one more nucleus


  what happens when mitosis occurs without cytokinesis
• gap 1


  cell a has half as much DNA as cells b, c, and d, cell a is most likely in what stage?